隨著數位時代的來臨,我國推行電子化政府多年,運用資訊科技提升行政效率、促進公部門與民眾之溝通、連結區域合作已有顯著成效。近年來,E化系統開始運用於治安維護,透過整合全球衛星定位系統(GPS)、地理資訊系統(GIS)、資料庫管理系統(DBMS)、網路及無線通訊等技術整合各項警勤資訊,建構一套迅速、安全、穩定及強大功能之系統,以提供執勤員警與各級勤務指揮中心能夠在第一時間迅速掌握犯罪動態。 當今的社會犯罪型態,已從傳統定點性的犯罪走向高度流動性的犯罪。臺中市位居全省南北交通樞紐,每日匯集中部各縣市超過百萬的活動人口。統計資料顯示,該市外來人口犯罪比例偏高,機車搶奪、竊盜、詐騙等都會型犯罪案件層出不窮。有鑑於此,臺中市警察局於2003年開始推動「警勤E化系統」,將資訊科技運用於治安維護工作,以迅速掌握犯罪動態、縮短報案反應時間、強化勤務指揮派遣機制並提升緊急應變能力。 在資訊科技帶動公共管理E化的趨勢,以及犯罪型態日趨複雜、多元、變動等背景下,面對新興犯罪型態實非單一地方警政機關可獨力解決,在探討因應犯罪對策時應跳脫縣市轄區的思維。本研究以臺中市警察局為研究對象,透過文獻分析法與個案研究法探討在實施警勤E化系統的運作過程中,警政跨域治理的意涵。臺中市為南北交通之樞紐,外來人口犯罪比例偏高,亦是推動警勤E化系統的代表性行政區,更由於該行政區於日前完成縣市合併升格,更加成為中部首要城市,以此區域作為研究對象顯然具有重要參考價值。 本研究以文獻分析法與個案研究法,首先探討臺中市在縣市合併的政策環境下,對於警勤E化系統之影響;再進一步透過E化系統之運作探討地方警政跨域治理的意涵。研究發現,臺中縣市在行政區合併升格前,已完成E化系統之整合工作,此為警政治理帶來一大助力。研究結論顯示,在臺中市警勤E化系統的運作下,地方警政跨域治理之模式展現在:網絡治理模式、協力關係與對話機制這三面向。透過E化系統之整合,更加推動地方警政的跨域治理,亦形塑出垂直與水平模式的對話機制。
With the advance of the digital age, information technology has been used to enhance the administrative efficiency for many years. It improves the communication between public sector, the civilian and the linkage of inter-regional cooperation. In recent years, E systems such as global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS) and database management system (DBMS) have been used for maintaining public security and providing police officers to control criminal activities immediately. Currently, patterns of crime have shifted from traditional fixed-point model into highly-fluid model, especially in Taichung City. The city locates at the north-south transport hub. Each day, millions of working people aggregate in this city. According to the criminal statistics, a high percentage of criminal activities was done by non-residents of Taichung. Taichung City Government Police Bureau has implemented the “E policing system” to upgrade the dispatch and control mechanisms. This study takes Taichung City as an example, using documentary analysis and case study research methods to explore the across boundary governance of local policing with the implementation of E policing systems. This study found that there are three mechanisms of across boundary governance: policy network, collaboration and dialogue mechanisms. Besides, after the merger of Taichung County and Taichung City, the integration of E policing systems upgrade the across boundary governance further.