當敘事、女性主義走入社會工作-再度遇見受暴婦女

When narrative and feminism meet social work-encountering battered women again

柯麗評(Liping Ke)

指導教授 ： 陳麗欣

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/社會政策與社會工作學系/博士(2008年)

摘要

這是一篇企圖結合女性主義與社會工作，並以深度訪談進行敘事實踐的研究。透過無結構、由受訪女性主導訪談方向，並以受訪者與訪談者個人故事分享、彼此對話、及共同確認訪談故事內容、資料分析的方式，研究者企圖實踐女性主義研究所崇尚的受訪者與研究者平等、互惠的夥伴關係。研究者並由此回過頭探討這種關係在社會工作專業關係具體實踐的可能與方式。
理解乃是自我與他人不斷辯證的過程，辯證並非是二擇一，而是相互理解、實在協商的過程。在長期與三位遭受到先生及前夫暴力虐待婦女對話下，研究者發現傳統西方對暴力的定義和受訪婦女的定義有些差異。對某些婦女來說，先生外遇所造成的傷害，並不亞於肢體暴力。定義不僅牽涉到國家法律、個人經驗、也與個人所處情境與文化傳統有關。另外，傳統人際網絡助力與阻力二分的方式也與婦女的經驗有相當的落差。人際之間的關係乃是不斷變動的過程，其複雜性實遠遠超過阻力和助力所能二分。婦女是否願意求助？外在的環境，包含相關系統的對待佔有重大的影響，而其所造成的傷害，並不亞於親密伴侶暴力，這是系統得正視的問題。
綜合言之，這是一篇描述許許多多的人的故事，包含研究者自身。在這些人身上，創傷雖然造成痛苦，但經過轉化，也可以是啟發智慧，豐富生命的泉源。這篇研究期待透過婦女的眼光，重新檢視她們的定義與專家學者或現行理論的定義之差異。理論的旁觀知識既奠基於人們的經驗知識，就應隨時省思我們是否可能在奉行理論知識之時，逐漸遠離其原先所立基的基點─經驗知識，若是如此，則我們將離我們的服務對象，甚至我們自身越來越遙遠。

關鍵字

敘事 ； 女性主義 ； 社會工作 ； 受暴婦女

並列摘要

This is one research which attempts to unify feminine principles and social work practices, carried-by in-depth interviews and narrations. By non-structural approaches--the topics and focuses directed by the participants and interviewer, the sharing of individual stories, dialogs, mutual confirmation and analyses of the contents, the researcher attempts to advocate the equality and benefits through the reciprocal partnerships with the feminist-minded participants. This approach allows the research exploring from the beginning the relationship of a professional specialization, such as social work, concrete vocational practices and methodologies.
Comprehension is a continuous dialectical process within oneself and others. The dialectic is not a process of either-or, rather one of mutual understandings and consultations. The long-time conversations with three abused women by their spouses led the research to conclude that there are differences between the traditional Western definition of violence against the interviewees’. For some, the harm caused by extramarital affairs is no less than physical abuses. Its definition reaches beyond simply the national laws and personal experiences, but also takes into the account of the context of personal and cultural traditions. In addition, there exists a considerable gap of women's experience in the dichotomy of traditional people networks--helps or obstacles. The human relationship continually evolves with a complexity far beyond the dichotomy of helps and obstacles. The question is whether women are willing to seek help? External environment, including treatments from the System (State/Government) that cause major damages maybe no less than the violence committed by intimate partners. The System must confront this problem.
In summary, this research describes lives of the multitude, including the researcher herself. On bodies the visible physical wounds may be transformed into inspiring wisdom, a spring of richer and full-filled lives. This study looks forward through the perspective battered women, re-examine the theoretical differences of the definition of these women and the expert scholars'. The theoretical knowledge objectivity lays the foundation of human experiential knowledge which ought to immediately save the practitioner the thinking, at the time of carrying out the application of the theoretical knowledge, whether it has gradually been removed from its originally core design: experiential knowledge; if such is the case, the service is not only far from its original service users but will also be more distance between those who render the service.

並列關鍵字

narrative ； feminism ； social work ； battered women

參考文獻

一、 中文部分

刁筱華譯 (1996)。女性主義思潮。台北市：時報文化。譯自Tong，Rosemarie （Feminist thought : a comprehensive introduction.）

于奇智 (1999)。傅科。台北市：東大。

尤卓慧等 (2005)。探索敘事治療實踐。台北市：心理。

包承恩等譯 (2000)。社會工作價值與倫理。台北市：洪葉文化。譯自Reamer， F. G. (Social work values and ethics.)