馬英九總統上任後,積極實現愛台十二項建設之一的農村再生計畫,透過行政院農業委員會水土保持局輔導,選定14處農村社區試辦農村再生計畫,並企圖通過「農村再生條例」,國家機關挹注政治與經濟資源,創設新台幣1,500億之再生基金,作為農村發展之經費,並自立法過程掌握權力與利益,進行政經資源之積累。本研究採用政治經濟分析觀點,從農村政策歷史結構及其發展脈絡,並以國家機關所扮演角色,自相關行為者在權力與利益之行為層面進行分析,推論出馬英九政府推動農村再生計畫之政經意涵。本文採行質性研究,使用「文獻分析」及「訪談法」兩種研究方法。從國內外期刊、專書、論文、政府機關出版品、新聞紙與雜誌等次級資料分析,健全筆者對於研究主題及研究途徑之掌握程度,並訪談參與農村再生計畫之重要人士,補足資料佐證未足之處。 本研究發現農村再生計畫與相關學理未竟相符,使農村再生計畫偏重農村硬體建設,農村再生條例之立法程序未盡周延,賦與社區居民參與機制未完備,農村再生基金用途與補助未觸及產業活化,更可能使農地他用更為嚴重,並產生國家機關之侵權行為,自文獻分析及訪談中得知農村再生條例仍有未臻完備之處,導致批評聲浪不斷;在政策建議部分,政府實施農村再生計畫時,避免以環境綠美化為主,應從振興農業為出發點,並將農村再生條例爭議條文移除,健全農村再生計畫機制,方能體現農村再生之精神。
President Ma Ying-jeou took office, actively pursuing the policy blueprint for the Rural Regeneration Project, through the guidance Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, selected 14 rural communities in the pilot project of the Rural Regeneration Project and attempting to “the Rural Regeneration Act”, the creation of New Taiwan Dollars 150 billion in the Rural Regeneration Fund, as the rural development funds, and since the legislative process get power and interests, to the accumulation of political and economic resources.This thesis aims to analyzing the political and economy in terms of the historically embedded structure and the development context of the rural policy, and the role of the state, to inference about the rural regeneration project promoted by the government of Ma Ying-jeou, since the relevant actors interactive between the power and interests. This study assume qualitative approach, study to “document analysis” and “depth interview” two research methods. From domestic and foreign periodicals, books, papers, government publications, newspapers and magazines such as secondary data analysis to improve the author for the study of themes and the research method of mastery, and interview key person in the rural regeneration projects to support the data. The study found that the Rural Regeneration Project not match rural regeneration theory. Emphasis on hardware construction of the Rural Regeneration Project; In the lack of the legislative process of the Rural Regeneration Act and the residents participate mechanism; and the Rural Regeneration Fund and it’s benefits doesn’t mention industry activation; it’s more likely to use on different purpose of agricultural land. And the generation of tort of the state, we can found that the Rural Regeneration Act draft might not be perfect through “document analysis” and “depth interview” research method. In the policy recommendations, the Government's implementation of the Rural Regeneration Project, mainly to avoid environmental beautification, premise should be to revitalize agriculture and to remove controversial provisions from the Rural Regeneration Act. To demonstrate the spirit of the Rural Regeneration Act, it might strengthen the rural regeneration mechanism.
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