身心障礙者「定額進用」政策就業實施現況之分析

在競爭且多元的台灣社會，勞動權益成為台灣公民不可不知的重要議題，多元文化與族群意識所形成的社會階級雛型，將影響到弱勢勞工對台灣就業職場的信心與肯定，而我國目前的身心障礙就業者正面臨到這些問題。唯有透過良好且健全的就業模式，才能使台灣的身心障礙就業體制更為完整，如目前「定額進用」政策的實施，若能更有效地運用在我國身心障礙的就業模式中，並將就業職場上所應該擁有的公民意識與弱勢權益全面普及，應能改善我國社會公民對身障就業的觀念與看法。本研究透過文獻分析法與深度訪談法兩種方式進行，了解身心障礙者目前在就業職場上所面臨的各項課題，從「定額進用」政策規範體制下，檢視其是否真能落實進用標準與社會平等，以達成身心障礙者在就業職場上的基本權益與福祉，並且釐清我國目前的「定額進用」政策實施的現況和成效，從政府、雇主與身障者三者之間尋求解決方式與途徑，以利身心障礙者在求職過程中能夠順利發展。本研究發現「定額進用」政策存在於社會模式中，在未排除醫療模式與人權基礎下，本研究必須思索的並非僅是政策理念的落實與否，而是「定額進用」體制在資本主義經濟利益考量下，使我國身心障礙者無法透過公平參與過程逐一達到配額進用目標，政策建議則是透過學習他國經驗以作為台灣未來「定額進用」推動之典範。

關鍵字

平等正義；定額進用政策；身心障礙者；工作權；社會模式

並列摘要

In the competitive and pluralistic Taiwan society, labor rights become such important issues that Taiwan's citizens should understand. Social class prototype formed by multicultural and ethnic awareness will influence minority workers' confidence toward Taiwan's employment. Right now, the weak disabled workers face some difficulties. Only through a solid employment pattern can more complete benefits for the disabled in Taiwan be brought to them. If the employment quota policy for the disabled can be more effective and the citizenship and minority equality can be more prevalent in the workplace, we should be able to improve the employment of disabled citizens in our society. It will also influence the public opinion toward the related issues. Research methods include documentary analysis and in-depth interview, in order that various issues currently faced by the disabled for employment can be analyzed. Whether or not the employment quota policy can actually improve the employment and equality for the disabled in our society, it is important to understand the employment quota policy first. The solutions of this system lie between the government, employers, and the disabled persons. Research findings show that employment quota policy rooted in the social model though it is not excluded from the medical model and the basic human rights. Research findings also found that the better employment mode for the disabled should not restrict to the employment quota policy itself, instead, it should consider whether Taiwan's disabled people have a fair and equal opportunity in the job market. Finally, the employment policies for disabled in other countries offer useful experiences for Taiwan.