南投縣布農語南部方言(南島)之依附詞

本論文旨在發掘南投縣布農語郡社方言(Nantou Isbukun Bunun)的依附詞 (clitic)。第一章說明布農語郡社方言的地理位置分布、語態格位系統(voice/case system)，以及名詞格位標示變化(case-marking paradigm)。第二章提供依附詞詞序及它們在句中相對位置之文獻回顧。第三章討論布農語郡社方言動詞後附著詞素的相對位置。第四章揭示附著詞素在非動詞為首的句中位置並證明它們為依附詞。最後，第五章點出尚未分析的新發現，並總結此篇論文。本論文用構詞句法介面還有音韻的證據來說明南投縣布農語郡社方言非代名詞與代名詞詞素為依附詞。此外，依附詞需要區分為詞組依附詞(phrasal clitic)以及鄰近中心語依附詞(head-adjacent clitic)。本文發現南投縣布農語郡社方言同時擁有這兩種依附詞。在以動詞為首(verb-initial)的句子中，以上所述的依附詞皆附在動詞後，動詞後非代名詞依附詞內部相對位置是代表時貌(aspectual)的依附詞會排在表示說話者親知(evidential)的依附詞之前，而代名詞依附詞則是排在上述這些依附詞之後。而動詞後代名詞依附詞內部相對位置(internal ordering)並非只取決於語意角色(semantic role)，而是還有受到論元關係(grammatical relations)或是格位(morphological cases)影響；就另一方面而言，在否定句中，只有代表主語(subject)或是代表主格(nominative-case)的代名詞會被吸引放置在動詞前的位置。

關鍵字

依附詞；詞組依附詞；鄰近中心語依附詞；布農語郡社方言

並列摘要

This thesis aims to explore the clitics in Isbukun Bunun spoken in Nantou. Chapter 1 presents the geographical distribution, voice/case systems, and case-marking paradigms of Isbukun. Chapter 2 provides the theoretical accounts with respect to clitic ordering and placement. Chapter 3 then discusses the relative order among various postverbal bound elements in Isbukun. Chapter 4 demonstrates the placement of these bound elements relative to the clause with a preverbal element and establishes whether they are clitics. Finally, chapter 5 concludes this thesis, where any unexpected findings are discussed. This thesis reports that in Nantou Isbukun Bunun short personal pronouns and T(emporal)A(spectual)E(vidential) markers are clitics by using morphosyntactic and phonological evidence. Clitics are classified into two main kinds: phrasal and head-adjacent. In Isbukun both kinds of clitics are found. With respect to their placement, on the one hand, these clitics are positioned postverbally in verb-initial clauses. The cluster-internal ordering among these postverbal elements is with the aspectual clitics preceding the evidential clitic, itself preceding pronominal clitics; the relative ordering of two postverbal pronominal clitics is determined by not only semantic roles, but also grammatical relations (or morphological cases). On the other hand, only the subject (or nominative-case) clitic pronoun can be attracted to preverbal position in a negated clause.

並列關鍵字

clitic ； phrasal clitics ； head-adjacent clitics ； Isbukun Bunun

參考文獻

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