國中學生下背痛預防行為研究~以台北市某國中為例

A Study on Low Back Pain Preventive Behavior~An Example of Junior High School Students in Taipei City

黃丰育(Feng-Yu Huang)

指導教授 ： 賴香如

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

本研究依據健康信念模式來探討國中學生下背痛預防行為現況及其相關因素。研究母群體為九十四學年度第二學期就讀於台北市某國中之全體學生，以分層集束抽樣法，於三個年級各抽出五個班為樣本，進行團體自填式問卷施測，共得有效樣本451人（94.0%）。所得資料以皮爾森積差相關、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、薛費氏事後檢定及複迴歸分析等方法進行分析。
研究之重要結果如下：
一、國中學生之下背痛終身盛行率為37.9 %。
二、下背痛相關知識程度略高於五成。行動線索相當少，主要來自於週遭他人的下背痛經驗。多數學生只能有時做到下背痛預防行為，其中尤以站姿及坐姿最需加以改進。
三、七年級學生之下背痛預防行為顯著優於八、九年級。下背痛預防行為與利益性認知呈顯著正相關，但與障礙性認知呈顯著負相關。
四、健康信念模式的重要變項可解釋下背痛預防行為17.0 %的變異量。顯著預測變項有利益性認知、障礙性認知、七年級及行動線索等四項。
根據研究結果，建議應在健康教育課程中增加下背痛相關內容，並於生活中加強正確姿勢之指導，另設法排除行動障礙、增強利益性認知，以預防國中生發生下背痛問題。

關鍵字

下背痛 ； 健康信念模式 ； 國中學生

並列摘要

Based on the Health Belief Model, this study explored low back pain preventive behavior and related factors among junior high school students. By using stratified cluster sampling method, samples were selected from 7th to 9th grade students. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Total valid samples were 451 (94.0%). Data were analyzed by Pearson product-moment correlation, t test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s method and multiple regression.
The major findings of this study were as follows:
1.Life prevalent rate of low back pain among the subjects was 37.9%.
2.The subject’s low back pain knowledge was medium degree. However, cues to action were relatively rare. Most students could only perform low back pain preventive behavior sometimes, and their standing and sitting postures needed to be improved.
3.Low back pain preventive behavior of the 7th grade students was better than those of the 8th and 9th grade students. Low back pain preventive behavior and perceived benefits of action showed a significantly positive correlation. But low back pain preventive behavior and perceived barriers of action showed a significantly negative correlation.
4.The Health Belief Model components could predict low back pain preventive behavior with explanation of 17.0% variation. Significant predictors were perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers of action, the 7th grade students and cues to action.
For preventing low back pain among junior high school students, it was recommended that enhancing low back pain teaching and guiding correct postures in daily life. Furthermore, try to eliminate perceived barriers of action and enhance perceived benefits of action.

並列關鍵字

low back pain ； Health Belief Model ； junior high school students