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  • 學位論文

台北縣某高職學生降低脂肪攝取飲食行為及其影響因素之研究

A Study on the Influential Factors and Status of Low-Fat Dietary Behavior of the High School in Taipei County

指導教授 : 呂昌明
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摘要


本研究之主要目的在於瞭解高職學生降低脂肪攝取飲食行為現況,並進一步探討個人背景因素、低脂飲食知識、低脂飲食結果期望、低脂飲食社會支持、低脂飲食自我效能及媒體影響力與降低脂肪攝取飲食行為之間的關係,以做為未來營養教育介入之參考。以台北縣某私立高職夜間部九十二學年度第一學期之在學學生為研究對象,於92年12月至93年1月間進行問卷調查,共得有效樣本325人。所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關及複迴歸分析等統計法進行分析,重要結果歸納如下: 一、研究對象對於低脂飲食知識得分偏中低程度。餐飲科其低脂飲食知識顯著優於汽修科、資處科、資訊科。 二、研究對象低脂飲食之結果期望得分偏低。美容科低脂飲食結果期望顯著優於汽修科、資訊科;自覺體型胖者其低脂飲食結果期望顯著優於自覺體型瘦者;中階家庭社經地位低脂飲食結果期望顯著優於高階家庭社經地位。 三、研究對象低脂飲食之社會支持得分偏中低程度,其中以親人(長輩)的社會支持明顯較朋友(同學)高。 四、研究對象低脂飲食之自我效能屬偏向困難的事,即較沒把握採行降低脂肪攝取飲食行為。 五、研究對象對低脂飲食商業廣告與報導的感受程度屬中低程度,訊息來源以電視、雜誌為主,且有1/2以上的研究對象有嚐試意願。身體質量指數正常者其低脂飲食媒體影響力-商業廣告得分顯著高於身體質量指數輕者;身體質量指數正常者其低脂飲食媒體影響力-報導得分顯著高於身體質量指數輕者;自覺身體胖者其低脂飲食媒體影響力-報導得分顯著高於自覺身體瘦者。 六、研究對象的降低脂肪攝取飲食行為屬中低程度,女生降低脂肪攝取飲食行為顯著優於男生;自覺體型胖與標準者其降低脂肪攝取行為顯著優於自覺體型瘦者;認為低脂飲食口味適中者其降低脂肪攝取行為顯著優於認為低脂飲食口味清淡者。低脂飲食社會支持、低脂飲食自我效能、低脂飲食報導與低脂飲食行為間呈現正相關。 八、性別、自覺體型、口味、低脂飲食社會支持、低脂飲食自我效能、低脂飲食報導共可解釋降低脂肪攝取飲食行為總變異量的24.8%;β達顯著水準的變項有口味、低脂飲食社會支持、低脂飲食自我效能,其中以低脂飲食社會支持最具影響力(β=0.323最大)。 根據以上結果,本研究建議未來可依據學生較缺乏的低脂飲食知識進行教 學,尤其是平時缺乏相關護理、健康課程的男同學,再者增強其結果期望、社 會支持與自我效能,並注意各類媒體對飲食知識、態度與行為所造成的影響。在 未來研究上可以擴大取樣範圍,針對不同季節進行深入研究。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to investigate the current low-fat dietary behavior of high school students, and to examine the relationships between low-fat dietary behavior and selected demographic characteristics, as well as knowledge, outcome expectancy, social support, self-efficacy, media impact. The study consisted of 325 subjects who were select by using random sampling method from high school in Taipei county. A questionnaire, developed by the author of the study, was used to gather data in Dec 2003-Jan 2004. T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data and results indicated as follow: 1. The knowledge about low-fat diet in the subjects was medium to low degree. Departments degree significantly difference the knowledge of low-fat diet. 2. The subjects’ outcome expectancy about low-fat diet was low. Departments, perception of body-weight and family income social status significantly difference the outcome expectancy of low-fat diet. 3. The subjects’ social support about low-fat diet was medium to low degree and family social support was higher than friends’ support. 4. The subjects’ self-efficacy about low-fat diet was difficult . 5. Most saw media impact as medium to low degree. The information was mainly from television and magazine. Over 1:2 subjects would try it. 6. The subjects’ low-fat dietary behavior was medium to low degree. The low-fat dietary behaviors were significant correlated with sex, perception of body-weight, taste, social support, self-efficacy and media reports. 7. The related variables explained 24.8% of low-fat dietary behavior ; the important predictors were taste, social support and self-efficacy of low-fat dietary behavior. The most influential factor is social support. Base on results, this study suggests that school could guide the students to the correct dietary concept by teaching the low-fat dietary, especially the boys. Then strengthen outcome expectancy, social support, self-efficacy and take care the media impact of low-fat dietary behavior. For future deepened study could be conducted in expanded areas like different cities in different seasons.

並列關鍵字

low-fat

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