由社會建構觀點探討創業機會的形成

對於創業者而言，創業機會一直是創業研究者有興趣的議題，因為辨識到較具潛力的機會，對於未來創業的發展將有重要的影響。然而並非所有的創業者都是先看到了機會才開始有創業行動。本研究以Flecher(2006)所提出的社會建構觀點，探討創業行動如何在創業者與社會不斷的互動中出現。不同的是，過去的研究通常探討創業者由無到有的創業歷程，本研究關注於廠商開發新市場的創業行動，因為廠商因應環境變化的動態能力在本質上是具創業家精神的。本研究透過企業經理人的訪談顯示，經理人創業行動改變了社會場域，而社會場域又影響了創業的實踐；先前成功的經驗對後續創業行動的認知與積極程度有密切關係。機會不是客觀的等待有心人發掘，而是行動的所有參與者與實踐場域對於創業的共同創造歷程。本研究提供一不同的角度去看廠商開發新市場的歷程，尤其是那些參與者在創業歷程中所扮演的角色。

關鍵字

創業機會；社會建構理論；動態能力；個案研究

並列摘要

For entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial opportunity has been an interested subject, because to identifying potential opportunities will have a significant impact for future business development. However, not all entrepreneurs are the first one who sees the opportunities and then begins taking entrepreneurial actions. This study from Flecher’s social construction perspective explores how entrepreneurial activity is interactively appearing between entrepreneurs and society. In particular, prior research focuses on entrepreneurial cases from zero to business formation, this study investigates how manufacturers to develop new markets entrepreneurial action because the manufacturers in response to environmental change is essentially dynamic capabilities with entrepreneurial spirit. By deeply interviews, the results of this study show that managers’ entrepreneurial actions change social field and the field in turn influences the practice of those entrepreneurs. Previous successful experience is closely related to the awareness of subsequent entrepreneurial activity. Opportunities are not objectively waited for exploration, but are communally constituted by all the participants and practice field. This study provides a different view in developing new markets, especially those participants in the course of entrepreneurial activities.