機構內少女非法藥物濫用歷程與中止成因研究

The Life-Course and Termination Factors for Female Adolescent Drug Abusers in Juvenile Reformatory

石孟儒(Meng-Ru Shih)

指導教授 ： 許春金

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

對全世界而言，毒品犯罪問題始終存在，但若針對女性犯罪活動而言，毒品犯罪讓女性犯罪活動的角色從被動的參與逐漸演變成主動的犯罪行為參與，若毒品犯罪對於女性犯罪而言的地位舉足輕重，則更值得探討的是未成年女性犯罪的問題，未成年女性的毒品使用將對社會造成極大的傷害。本研究針對女性青少年做毒品濫用的歷程以及其中止毒品使用的因素。本研究目的有三：
1. 探討機構內非行少女之非法藥物使用動機與非法藥物之濫用歷程。
2. 探討影響機構內非行少女非法藥物使用歷程之中止成因影響因素。
3. 期待以此藥物濫用歷程中，中止成因的統整，能夠為非行少女的藥物戒癮有更好的措施。
本研究一共訪談十一位機構內因違反毒品防制條例而遭收容的非行少女，進行兩次半結構式問卷質性訪談，探討這十四位機構內少女的非法藥物濫用歷程，了解其使用的持續以及中止經驗。
研究發現：離家經驗與用藥經驗的關連性高。八大行業工作經驗與使用非法藥物之高相關性。初次用藥情形對中止藥物行為有其影響。11位個案少女用藥歷程可歸納為3種歷程類型。大部分的個案社會鍵的自我評分在中止使用藥物時間高於持續使用藥物時間。
分析並且整理11位個案的中止使用藥物成因可大致分為自我因素、社會控制因素、重要他人因素三大類。而已經終止藥物使用兩位個案的中止因素有三個：1.自我意願中止、2.一般工作參與、3.切斷過去不良環境。綜合11位個案少女中止的成因，且這些因素無法單獨產生作用，必須彼此連結。
依此研究結論可提供以下幾點目前青少年防制毒品政策建議，第一，高風險家庭的發現與協助；第二，應於更早開始加強非法藥物之危害宣導，並對已經使用藥物之青少年做特殊毒品防治宣導，避免再次促發用藥念頭；第三，虞犯少女的自我成長課程；第四；協助回歸社會正式機構，學校與家庭尤佳；第五，提供未成年少女更多合法打工之機會與教育。

關鍵字

少女 ； 非法藥物濫用 ； 用藥歷程 ； 中止犯罪 ； 焦點解決諮商技巧

並列摘要

In recent years, adolescent drug abuse has been an important issue across the world., The previous studies found that female adolescent drug abusers might cause serious harm to society (Lyu, 2008). Multiple drug use is the norm for those girls (Lin, 2005). Compared to their counterparts, they had more illegal sexual activities, and were more likely to become rape victims(Li Sixian, 2006). Besides, drug addicted teenage girls would have more criminal activities, and are easier becoming victims than boys (Green., 2004). However, there are few literatures focused on the underage girls
This study did not only focus on the causes of adolescent girls drug abuse but also on the experience of the girls drug abuse; why they refused to continue use by themselves, and what the causes of termination were. This study combined Hirschi’s social bonds with Sampson & Laub’s (2003) turning points discussing female adolescent drug abusers. Specifically, the qualitative method was employed to located the termination factors of 11 girls who violated the “Against Narcotics Act” were interviewed from one Juvenile Reform School.
The results showed three major factors associated with the drug termination periods.
(1) Individual factors: self-determination stop, no physical addiction, and bad health condition.
(2) Social control factors: (return to) school, truanted school but not drop-out, (return to) family, (return to) legal employed, and quit escort industry.
(3) Significant others factors: Attached on parents, been controlled from boyfriend/friends who did not addict to drug, breaking up with drug dependence boyfriends/friends/environment.
There were two of these cases had already desisted their drug courses were associated with three important causes.
(1) Self-determination termination.
(2) Participating in legal employment.
(3) “knife off” the past(environment and friends).
Policy suggestions were provided: 1) high-risk family search and help; 2) more education about the harmsof drug use; 3) self-control training lesson; 4) significant others training; 5) provide more legal opportunities to the girls.

並列關鍵字

Life-Course ； Termination ； Female Adolescent ； Drug Abusers ； SFBT

參考文獻

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