在現代一個發明的出現已非僅憑一人之力便足以達成,一個發明的產生需要花費許多人力、設備及資源,是以企業的投入與協助已成為發明產生的關鍵,發明人對於發明的產生當然有其貢獻,但其貢獻度似已不如以往,在這樣的情形之下,便產生企業及勞工發明人間將如何去歸屬發明專利以及利益如何分配的問題。 本研究之目的即在於探討在企業對於發明產生的貢獻度日漸提高,單一勞工發明人的貢獻度則逐漸降低,且勞工亦受有一定薪資的情形下,探討職務發明相關問題,並參考比較美國、日本及我國之立法例、實務見解、學說,裨能提供我國專利法將來修法之建議,以尋求一妥善將發明專利歸屬及利益分配於企業及勞工發明人之方案。 本研究主要針對職務發明之情形所產生之雇用人與受雇人如何認定、職務發明如何界定、其法律效果及補償金為何等進行分析檢討,並於參考、比較美、日法制後,嘗試就目前我國專利法第7條以下關於職務發明規定提出修正意見,以供將來修法時之參考依據。
In the modern ,the emergence of an invention is not one man alone would be sufficient to reach. The emergence of an invention takes a lot of manpower, equipment and resources. Therefore, the input and assistance of company become the key of the invention. Of course, inventor has contribution for the invention, but his contribution seems not as good as the past. Under such circumstances, arises a problem that how to attributable to the patent and the interests between company and labor who invented the invention. The contribution of company for the invention is more than past, and the contribution of labor for the invention is gradually reduced, and Labor to take delivery of a certain salary. In the above circumstances,the purpose of this study is to explore related issues of the invention of labor, and reference to compare the legislation of the United States, Japan and Taiwan, practice opinion, doctrine,and hope to provide the recommendations of the future amendment of the Patent Law of Taiwan. This study focuses on the case of employee invention how to identified employers and employees, and how to identified employee invention,and analyze its legal effect and compensation. After the comparison of the legal system of the United States and Japan, this study tries propose amendments of provisions of the Patent Law of Taiwan on the employee invention.
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