河川污染整治措施配置最適化研究

Study on Treatment Measures For River Pollution Control-Optimization and Simation

陳主健(Chu-Chien Chen)

指導教授 ： 李育明

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/自然資源與環境管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

在河川污染整治研究上，河川本身基流量受限於上游水庫蓄水及自來水取用，造成河川自然涵容能力的不足，再加上沿岸支流排水來源多為事業及生活污水，雖然補充了河川流量，卻也造成水質嚴重的惡化，因此針對支流排水污染整治為大漢溪主要整治項目之一。近年來政府積極興建污水下水道，以降低污水對河川的負荷，但污水下水道興建工期較長，無法及時對河川污染負荷改善，因此前臺北縣政府及台北市衛工處，以興建現地處理設施及截流設備進行污水處理及截流，但現地處理去除效益有限，且使用面積較大，無法處裡大量污水；截流站主要是將支流排水以截流方式送至下游污水處理，可完全阻絕污水排入河川，但卻又造成河川基流量不足。為兼顧兩者效益下，利用水質水理模式進行河川水質及水理模擬，期望能找出兩者兼顧之合理化。
利用水質水理模式中，探討大漢溪流域新增七座截流站截流水量造成河川水理水質改變，主要標的為達不缺氧，可確保河中生物最基本需求，分析在流量Q75及Q50狀況下，將模擬七座截流站不施做、部分開啟及替換為現地處理，對河川水質及生態穩定度造成的影響。

關鍵字

截流站 ； 水質模式 ； 最適化評估

並列摘要

In the study of river improvement, the base flow itself is limited by reservoir storage upstream and tap water supply. It will cause the insufficient of assimilative capacity of rivers. However, the tributaries will supply the river flow, but most of them are industrial wastewater and sewage that cause serious degradation of water quality instead. Therefore, improvement of tributaries of Da-Han River is one of the principal steps of Dan-Han River improvement.

In recent years, the government built sewer systems actively to reduce the loading of rivers, but the problem cannot be solved promptly due to the long constructing duration. Hence, on-site treatment facilities and intercept station were going up. The efficiency of on-site treatment facility is limited and the area it demands is larger. The intercept station blocks the untreated water from flowing into river, but it will cause deficiency of base flow. In order to achieve both efficiencies, the model was used to find out the optimized operation condition.

The Water Quality and Hydraulic Models is utilized to investigate the influence of Da-Han River quality and stability of ecology after constructing seven intercept stations that were built to ensure conforming the biological basic requirement in Da-Han River and avoiding oxygen deficient. The conditions of model were set up at the river quantity Q75and Q50 respectively with all intercept stations without operating, part of intercept stations stop operating and all of them were replaced by on-site treatment facilities.

並列關鍵字

Interception Station ； Water Quality and Hydraulic Models ； River Pollution Control-Ptimization and Simation

參考文獻

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