大家都是刑冷感?青少年威嚇感受及其相關因素之探討

Everyone is Criminal Punishment Apathetic?-The Study of Punishment Perception And Factors Association with Deterrence Among Youth Population

陳憶君(I-CHUN CHEN)

指導教授 ： 許春金

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究主要目的為瞭解在犯罪學的理性選擇理論之下，青少年是否有感於刑罰的威嚇作用以及法律知識、新聞的接收頻率與社會鍵等因素是否影響刑罰的威嚇感受度。
本研究採取問卷調查方式，針對2013年來自全國各縣市參加年度撞球錦標聯賽的國、高中職生進行問卷調查；有效樣本180位，所測資料透過次數分配、平均數t考驗、單因子差異分析，積差相關分析及多元迴歸分析等統計方法分析。
本研究結果數據顯示樣本青少年的法律知識多錯在竊盜、犯罪責任等知識方面，整體法律知識答對率僅72.52%；樣本青少年的新聞接收頻率亦不高，且新聞資訊解讀錯誤比例高；法律知識與刑罰的感受度相關水準未達顯著；然而法律知識與社會鍵的致力呈現正相關，而社會鍵與刑罰威嚇感受度呈現正相關，其中又以信仰的法律觀的相關係數達到顯著水準。
根據研究的結果，提出主要建議有(1) 加強校園內、外的法律知識教育，強化法律的法治、正義與人權精神，甚至提早法治教育的開始，並重視中輟生的法治教育學習管道。(2) 強化社會鍵，益於刑罰威嚇，教育當局可廣泛推動多元活動，培植青少年更多的發展選擇與機會，讓社會鍵的正面強度增強，例如活動的正面參與、提高致力鍵中的自我期許，等同於提高了刑罰威嚇作用(3) 加強刑罰的威嚇作用三因素對於少年保護管束的影響研究(4) 法治教育宣導方法要利用青少年流行文化，增加宣導的廣度與深度。

關鍵字

威嚇作用 ； 法律知識 ； 社會鍵 ； 理性選擇理論 ； 刑罰威嚇感受度

並列摘要

The primary goal of this research is to understand that if under the rational choice theory then how is the youths perception of penalty deterrence effect and whether the factor of legal knowledge, news message receiving frequency and the social bond effect the perception of punishment deterrence.
The subjects in the survey were 180 youths from junior and junior high school students who participate in the 2013 National students Billiards championship. Data were analyzed by using the statistical method of frequency allocation, descriptive analyze, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis.
The major findings were: The sample data shows that these junior were poor in legal knowledge, only 72.52% answer correctly. Their news receiving was in low frequency and most of them were misunderstanding the news message. It presents no significant level of positive correlations between legal knowledge and perception of penalty. However the legal knowledge and social bond- commitment were in positive correction and social bond also in positive correction with perception of penalty, especially the result of correction on belief in law were in significant level.
The findings of the research have led to the conclusion that (1) Strengthen the youths in learning legal education, justice and human rights. Especially should build more learning opportunity for the drop out students.(2) To increase more activity for juniors, multi- opportunity and choice on career, it will help the social bond in positive and connection then it will good for the perception of punishment deterrence effect.(3) Due to the punishment on the juvenile offender are different, in this condition, therefore more researches on the three factors of deterrence effect is need.(4)Use fastion culture to promote rule of law, human rights and legal education, increasing the breadth and depth of propaganda.

並列關鍵字

Deterrence effect ； Legal knowledge ； Social bond ； Rational Choice theory ； Punishment perception

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