應用社會資本探討社區居民的氣候變遷調適行為-以東港林邊佳冬為例

A Study on the Role of Social Capital in Determining Community Residents’ Adaptive Behaviour to Climate Change: A Case Study of Donggang, Linbian and Jiadong

盧禹廷(Yu-Ting Lu)

指導教授 ： 洪鴻智

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/都市計劃研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

2009年8月初的莫拉克颱風帶來的大量豪雨重創台灣中南部，造成嚴重的經濟損失，但也喚醒國人對於防救災的意識。因此本研究選定受災嚴重的屏東縣的東港鎮、林邊鄉、佳冬鄉為主要研究範圍。本研究應用社會資本(Social Capital)的概念探討社區居民面對氣候變遷(Climate Change)的調適行為(Adaptation)，主要目的希望建構出社會資本與調適行為的關係架構，提供未來相關研究的基石。因此，本文主要的研究內容，先從文獻回顧釐清社會資本、調適行為等的基本定義，藉此建構出社會資本與調適行為的關係架構，最後則藉由案例操作及二項羅吉特模型(Binary Logit Model)，檢驗關係架構下社會資本的各項構成要素，在氣候變遷影響下對於調適行為的影響以及扮演的角色。

研究發現，災前調整模型以電子媒體和政府單位宣導的資訊來源為主要影響變數，搭配良好災害預警系統，可以更快將颱洪訊息在整備階段傳遞給居民鼓勵採取災前調整行為。此外，災後調整模型以立即性的政府協助及信任為主要顯著變數，但災後恆久模型以資訊管道取得及信任為顯著變數，因此災前地方政府增加警覺及協助，災後中央政府加強救災速度，能促使居民在應變階段積極採取災後調整調適行為。最後，災前、災後模型綜合來看，社會資本顯著的變數都有社會信任的因素，因此如何加強個人與公私部門間的信任關係，將有賴長期的溝通及協調。

關鍵字

社會資本、氣候變遷、調適行為、二項羅吉特模型

並列摘要

Early August 2009 Morakot Typhoon, bringing heavy rains hit central and southern Taiwan, caused serious economic losses, but awakened people's awareness of disaster prevention. Hence, this research selected worst-hit town, Donggang, Linbian and Jiadong as the main study area. This study will apply social capital to explore climate change adaptation of community residents. The main purpose is to construct the framework between social capital and adaptation and become the foundation of future research. Therefore, this research content, clarifying the basic definition of social capital and adaptation from literature review constructs the framework between social capital and adaptation. Finally, the operation of case study and binary logit model test various elements of social capital of framework how to affect adaptation as well as the role under the influence of climate change.

From the study result, the information sources of electronic media and government are the main significant variables in the pre-disaster adjustment model. A good disaster warning system can quickly pass the flood messages in the station of disaster preparedness to encourage residents to take pre-disaster adjustment actions. Furthermore, immediate help and trust in government are the main significant variables in the post-disaster adjustment model, but information source and trust are significant variables in the post-disaster long-standing model. Hence, the increase of pre-disaster local governments’ awareness and assist as well as the strengthen of central government’s speed of disaster relief can promote residents to take post-disaster positive coping behaviors in the response phase. Finally, on the whole, social trsst are significant variables of social capital in the pre-disaster and post-disaster model. How to strengthen the trust between individual, public and private sectors, will depend on long-term communication and cordination.

並列關鍵字

Social Capital、Climate Change、Adaptation、Binary Logit Model

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