遊憩區自行車道路網及服務據點配置規劃模式之設計與應用

Design and application of layout planning model for bikeway networks and service stations in a recreation area

廖容瑩(Rong-Ying Liao)

指導教授 ： 林楨家

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/都市計劃研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

面對氣候變遷、環境暖化、能源衰竭的問題，全球環境意識覺醒，為朝向永續發展的未來，再加上健康、樂活的新趨勢與2007年國片電影「練習曲」推波助瀾之下，興起一波波自行車環島的壯遊風潮，自行車不再僅只於運輸工具的角色，更成為一種遊憩的供給，自行車遊憩在台灣已成為新興旅遊與健康活動的代名詞。由於，國內自行車騎乘人口快速的成長，因此，政府積極建設自行車道系統，然而，目前的自行車道路網規劃實務都屬根據環境限制下的消極性規劃，尚未達到滿足需求的積極性規劃，並且也缺少系統性與實務性的規劃工具，相當依賴規劃者的專業經驗或直覺。
有鑑於此，本研究目的在應用數學規劃方法建構遊憩區自行車道路網與服務據點配置規劃模式，研究工作初期透過文獻回顧歸納出自行車道路網規劃之重要考量因素，並且瞭解路網設計與設施區位配置決策問題，做為遊憩區自行車道路網規劃模式之基礎；接著進行不同關係人的個案訪談釐清決策內容與問題，並透過數學規劃方法建構模式，模式設計為多目標0-1規劃問題，並建議使用ε-constraint法求解非劣解集作為替選方案；最後以「北海岸及觀音山國家風景區」之三芝區作為實例分析地區，蒐集實例地區的相關數據資料後加以應用分析與修正模式。
實例規劃結果產生四個替選方案，各個方案對於四個目標值的表現，除了目標一之外，皆具有明顯權替特性。此外，模式規劃的自行車路網方案優於既有自行車道的規劃。透過模式參數的調整，在安全性衡量方法與建設預算同時調整的情境下，配置型態與路網規劃確實會對規劃結果目標表現有所影響。
本研究成果提供規劃者進行遊憩區自行車道規劃的輔助工具，實例分析過程可做為其它遊憩區應用本研究模式的操作參考。實例分析結果可供「北海岸及觀音山國家風景區」管理處增修既有自行車道時的規劃參考之用。

關鍵字

遊憩區，自行車道路網，服務據點，數學規劃

並列摘要

Facing the issues of climate change, global warming and energy consumption, it awakens human beings to revise and examine their lives once again. The consciousness of environmental protection and sustainability has then been raised and gradually involved in daily lives. In order to moving toward a sustainable future, the vogue of lifestyles of health and sustainability associated with the promotion of Taiwanese film, Island Etude in 2007, leads to the craze of bicycle grand tour island wide. A bicycle does no longer simply play the role as one of transportation modes, but it becomes a kind of green recreation equipment. Bicycling recreation in Taiwan has easily associated with the concepts of LOHAS and eco-friendly living styles due to the propagandas and promotions from the media. Since then bike riding has been promoted as one of good and brand new options for pastimes. Along with the rapid growth of biking in Taiwan and planning to boast the trend for biking, the government has aggressively developed and built island-wide bikeway networks. However, the current bikeway network planning practices are considered not well-organized, unable to satisfy the demand of active planning, lack of systematical and practical planning tools and dependent on planners’ professional experiences or instincts.
For these reasons, the purpose of this study is to develop a layout planning model for bikeway networks and service stations in a recreation area by using of mathematical programming approach. First of all, through the literature review, the study summarized the important elements for planning bikeway networks and defined the decision-making problem of bikeway network design. Furthermore, based on reviewing the literature, the study formed a framework to plan bikeway networks in a recreation area. Next, the research proceeded to interview different stakeholders to clarify the decision-making contents and questions, and developed the model by mathematical programming approach. The model is designed as a multi-objective 0-1 programming problem, and the ε-constraint method was applied to solve the problem to search non-dominated solutions as alternatives. Finally, the developed model was applied on the Sanzhi area in ‘North Coast & Guanyinshan National Scenic Area’. The case study collected realistic data for model parameter values and created concrete network alternatives for verifying the applicability and rationality of the developed model.
The case study resulted in four alternatives, which performed significant trade-off relationships among objective values except for the first objective. In addition, the model planning results are superior to the existing bikeways. Through scenario analyses, simultaneously adjusting the measurement of the safety parameter and the construction budget indeed changed the network and service station layouts and objective values of alternatives . This research provides bikeway planning aids in recreation areas to planners. The process of case study can be applied as a reference for model applications in other recreation areas. The planning results of case study offer concrete recommendations to the administration of ‘North Coast & Guanyinshan National Scenic Area’ for further upgrading the existing bikeways.

並列關鍵字

Recreation area, Bikeway network, Service station, Mathematical programming

參考文獻

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