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  • 學位論文

三角貿易使用銀行擔保函之研究

The Study of Bank Guarantees in Merchanting Trade

指導教授 : 林誠二
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摘要


一、本論文在探討以貿易為主的我國而言,依現時與大陸之特殊國情及貿易環境下,所進行之三角貿易型態為何,且進一步針對現時國際貿易上最廣泛使用之銀行擔保函,如何應用於三角貿易之中及所發生問題之處理,為研究目的。 二、研究文獻上,因研究範圍為國際貿易,除相關中文國貿及法律書籍、期刊及論文外,主要為英美之國際貿易書籍及德文有關銀行擔保函之書籍及論文。其研究方法,著重在個案類型上之歸納並以銀行擔保函之性質及其背後之價值思想為指導,對當事人間法律關係之安排為演繹,為問題處理。 三、第二章係對三角貿易為簡介,並針對三角貿易當事人間之法律關係為論述。第三章探討者為銀行擔保函,銀行擔保函之制度來源,以及銀行擔保函本身最重要之性質–獨立性、無因性與請即付之性質,此些性質其背後之原理原則為何,並且如何落實於三角貿易之中。第四章分析銀行擔保函之擔保債權與基礎關係之債權,兩者間之影響如何,是否因銀行擔保函之獨立性,該兩者便形同陌路而毫不相干。第五章中,對有關擔保銀行因被受益人所詐欺或權利濫用而請求付款之指示欠缺情形,除擔保銀行可於例外情形下,突破銀行擔保函之獨立性而拒絕付款時,若擔保銀行付款於受益人,因受益人受有利益無法律上原因,能真正向受益人請求付款償還之權利主體為何,且其背後所隱含之指導原理原則為何,與基礎契約之欠缺處理上是否相同,為探求之重點。 四、研究結果上,本文認為,三角貿易當事人間之法律關係,依債之關係相對性即可獲得適切地安排,且抗辯關係各自獨立。相對而言,銀行擔保函亦因債之關係相對性原則之適用,而具有其獨立性,而無因性原則係便利銀行擔保函之操作,從而具有擔保及融資功能取向。而擔保債權與基礎債權之間,雖因擔保契約之獨立性,然絕非形同陌路,此時,「委託銀行擔保之法律上目的」為其橋樑。最後,指示欠缺下,擔保銀行付款於受益人,依其信賴外觀及其危險分配之下,因欠缺委託人有效之指示,擔保銀行受到詐欺而付款於受益人時,其請求返還之主體應為擔保銀行本身。其處理方式與基礎關係有所欠缺並不相同。

並列摘要


1.The present paper says in the discussion by trade our country primarily, according to the present and mainland under special national condition and trade environment, how does the Merchanting Trade carry on, and further aims in the present international trade bank guarantee the most widespread use, how to apply in the Merchanting Trade and has processing of the question, for research goal. 2.Studies in the literature, because the range of study is the international trade, except outside related Chinese country trade and law books, periodical and paper, mainly for UK and US international trade books and books and paper the German related bank guarantee. Its research technique, emphatically in the case type nature of the induction and take the bank guarantee and behind the value thought as the instruction, to is concerned arrangement of the world legal relationship is the deduction, for question processing. 3.The second chapter is to the Merchanting Trade is the synopsis, and aims at the Merchanting Trade to be concerned of legal relationship the world is the elaboration. The third chapter the discussion for the bank guarantee, system of the bank guarantee originates, because as well as the bank guarantee itself most important nature - independence, does not have the nature with please to sigh the nature, this nature its behind principle why, and how to carry out in the Merchanting Trade. The fourth chapter analyzes creditor's rights of guarantee of creditor's rights and the foundation relations the bank guarantee, how both affects, whether independence of because of the bank guarantee, this both then shape to have nothing to do with the stranger. In the fifth chapter because, abuses to the related guarantee bank by the beneficiary deception or the right requested that instruction of defective situation the payment, except guarantees the bank to be possible under the exceptional situation, breaks through when independence of the bank guarantee resists the payment, if guarantees the banker's payment in the beneficiary, because the beneficiary is had the benefit not to have in the law the reason, why can request of subject of object truly the payment repayment to the beneficiary, and why instruction of principle is its behind concealment, short in processing with the foundation contract whether same, key point of for the search. 4.In the findings, this article believed that the Merchanting Trade is concerned of legal relationship the world, then obtains relations of relativity according to the debt arranges appropriately, and contradicts relates the respective independence. Relatively speaking, because bank guarantee also being suitable of relations of principle of relativity the debt, but has its independence, but because does not have the natural principle facilitates operation of the bank guarantee, thus has the guarantee and the financing function orientation. But guarantees between the creditor's rights and the foundation creditor's rights, although independence of because of the contract of guarantee, however the non-shape with the stranger, this time, “entrusts law in the bank credit the goal” for its bridge. Under finally, instructs to be short, guarantees the banker's payment in the beneficiary, according to under its faith outward appearance and dangerous assignment, because is short of the trustee effective instruction, guarantees the bank to receive when the deception pays money in the beneficiary, its request returns the main body to guarantee the bank itself. Its processing mode and the foundation relations have are short of are not same.

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被引用紀錄


吳宇鎣(2013)。三角貿易初探-小型國家貨幣政策的理論分析〔碩士論文,國立清華大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6843%2fNTHU.2013.00643

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