本研究主要目的在分析高齡者對適居社區與成功老化知覺的關係。本研究採問卷調查法,以雲林縣祥和計畫志願服務隊的65歲以上高齡者為對象,採便利取樣方式進行,有效問卷為206份,回收率為94%。有效問卷經過描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析、多元迴歸分析後,本研究發現:1.在本次調查中,以女性高齡者居多,年齡主要分布在65~69歲間,半數以上高齡者尚有配偶或同居人,居住狀況多與配偶或子女同住,教育程度上不識字和國小畢業的高齡者居多,目前多為無職業或退休狀況,經濟上也大致夠用,而自覺健康狀況落在好、普通為最多,不過超過一半以上的高齡者是患有慢性疾病的;2.將高齡者對社區的適居程度分為高中低三組,去瞭解其成功老化差異情形,發現高分組所知覺的成功老化均高於中分組及低分組;3.高齡者在適居社區之「休閒與文化」、「交通運輸」構面,對成功老化之「生活適應」、「學習層面」構面具有預測力;4.高齡者在適居社區之「休閒與文化」構面,對成功老化之「社會及親友關係」、「家庭層面」構面具有預測力;5.高齡者在適居社區之「休閒與文化」、「交通運輸」、「財務」及「人力資源開發」構面,對成功老化之「健康自主」構面具有預測力。根據分析結果,本研究不僅能提供社區營造時的建議,亦對後續研究提供後續研究之方向。
The purpose of this study was aimed to analyze perception of seniors about livable communities and successful aging, a case study on peace plan volunteer service teams of Yunlin county. The study using questionnaires, the sampling targeted seniors over 65 years old for the Yunlin County peace plan volunteer service teams. Convenience sampling is used. 206 effective questionnaires were collected. After Descriptive analysis, t test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple-regression statistics testing, the results revealed that leisure and culture, transportation tended to be more important compared to those livable communities factors for seniors’ aging process. Furthermore, we found leisure and culture tended to contribute more on successful aging than those livable communities factors. We concluded that seniors’ perceptions of livable communities were salient regarding whether toward successful aging. Furthermore, livable communities predicted the successful aging effectively. Based on these findings, the study not only gives some suggestions for community empowerment, but also supports research orientation for future researchers.
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