三義勝興車站周邊休憩空間（再）生產之研究
：以客委會打造桐花村時期為例

休閒遊憩長久以來的焦點，主要是放置在休憩和產業活動的主題或是歷史（時間）的脈絡之相關領域上，反而較少著墨在與空間相關的議題上。針對此較少被注意的研究空缺，本論文嘗試探究休憩空間中的時空相關範域，並援引社會學者Lefebvre對空間的論述，探討空間生產對地方休憩空間與文化空間再生產的影響。 Lefebvre對空間生產的論述，即是以空間實踐（spatial practices）、空間表徵（representations of space）、表徵空間（representational space）三個向度，以理解社會空間結構的建構，也為文化空間理論帶來重大的變革。而本研究以Lefebvre的論述為基礎，聚焦在休閒遊憩空間，並以三義的勝興車站周遭空間為例，針對其變遷的文化空間再生產過程，以反思性的立場探究。此反思性即是以專業者的責任，與勝興車站周邊的未來永續發展為根基的觀點與態度。另外，本研究試圖探究在打造桐花村時期，從車站周遭的空間實踐中，透過空間表徵、空間實間和表徵空間三者的螺旋狀之動態歷程，去揭露空間實踐者如何重複的從空間具象出發，對空間的構思轉化為具體實踐過程，進而形塑出勝興車站之休憩空間架構，並不斷在日常生活中演練著空間的生產，即是清晰的呈顯文化空間再生產的整過過程，並揭露出其中的空間權力結構。

關鍵字

休憩空間；再生產；空間實踐；勝興車站

並列摘要

1. Itroduction Since eighteenth century, the industrial revolution has brought human beings great convenient, and has also changed trends in the labor force in the world. Then, it revitalizes the new concept of recreation in different levels. Due to tourism has already become an important industry in twenty-first century. For the reason, the Executive Yuan listed the tourism industry as one of Ten Key Individual Plans and proposed Doubling Visitor Arrivals Plan in Challenge 2008 Six-Year National Development Plan. The researcher has lived in Sanyi, Miaoli. The prosperity of the woodcarving industry has brought a number of tourists, especially after Old Mountain Line Railway stop running, which increased tourists’ interests. Hence, it aroused researcher’s interest to know how reproduction changes local space during the process of the production of recreation, such as cultures, landscapes, images, and Popsicle. Thus, the researcher proposed two research issues; first, daily and non-daily life practices; second, the dialectic investigation between production and reproduction. Then, the researcher conducted three research questions: (1) to explore the process of production and reproduction in recreational space in Shenghsing Station, (2) to understand local residents’ cognitions toward recreational space and cultural icons in Shenghsing Station, (3) to describe the interaction between Hakka Affairs Council and local associations and to see the relationship between domination and resistance during the process of the production of space. Then, the researcher took the surrounding areas in Shenghsing Station in Sanyi, Miaoli as the research field. 2. Literature Review The study turned to the description of a social space and adopted Henri Lefebvre’s conceptual triad in the production of space. Henri Lefebvre, a French sociologist and philosopher, is accordant with Marxism to provide a new explanation in space. He revised Marx’s Materialist Dialectics into the socio-spatial dialectic and added the production process, originally existing in merchandise production, into his formula; therefore, space is no longer a production environment occupied by something, but a structural factor for co-constructing a society. Lefebvre also indentified a conceptual triad in the production of space: (1) spatial practices, which refers to an external and material environment, including social production and reproduction, and spatial location and allocation, (2) representations of space, which is a space as developed cognitively with knowledge and ideology and perceived spatial texture, and (3) representational space, a space “ lived’ directly through its perceptions to show social relation between users and an environment. 3. Research Method The study used qualitative research method as a researcher tool because it focuses on interpretations of meaning and process. Although the researcher is not well-experienced in the research field, however, the researcher broke through the limitations of existing theories, combined sociological theory and the field of recreation, and tried to develop the process of the reproduction of recreational space and to explain its operational structure in power and source. The researcher also took the concept of ethnography, collected data, observed the environment, and adopted different research methods in different research groups. First, the researcher deconstructed stakeholders in Shenghsing Station. Second, the researcher interviewed local business owners by purposive sampling with the contents of living experience and space change icons. 4. Discussion and Explanations The existing areas in Shenghsing Station for local residents are for goods and business, but rarely for traditional farms or houses. In 2002, Executive Yuan set up Hakka Affairs Council in order to combine Tung Flower images with the local community. As it got into the surrounding areas in Shenghsing Station as a central government agency, it started neighborhood improvement project and planed one- to three-phased projects. Since Hakka Affairs Council chose the area in Shenghsing Station to develop Hakka Tung Flower Village, the surrounding areas in Shenghsing have dramatically developed due to the cooperation of the central government’s support and local associations. The existing tourist spot in Shenghsing Station is co-constructed by local residents, tourists, planers, and scholars. Let’s briefly view the period of one- to three-phased in constructing Tung Flower Village. In the first phase, Old Mountain Line Railway Industrial Culture Association was just set up, so it was in the running-in period with local business, Hakka Affairs Council, and other associations. Therefore, although they had local images, they did not give many suggestions. Then, after the cooperation in the first phase, they built up the trust within each other. Besides, the planners were gradually familiar with controlling the use of power and resources. In addition, they had all types of possible perspectives and thoughts, and had enough time to continuously communicate and to discuss with local residents; as a result, it made the second phase more practical and intensified, which accorded with the images between local residents and Hakka Affairs Council. In the third phase, it is a transition period for the planners; hence, they can only rely on the last strength to execute the originally familiar production strategies and thoughts. 5. Conclusion The results of the study show that Hakka Affairs Council and local associations cooperated to build the surrounding areas in Shenghsing Station. On the one hand, Hakka Affairs Council presented for the central government agency to allocate resources and to balance power, and made the development of the surroundings areas accord with Hakka Affairs Council’s representations of space. On the other hand, local associations had local perceptions and took the local cultural to contend with. Therefore, Hakka Affairs Council took Tung Flower as the main scheme to fulfill local demands, then changed local residents’ local perceptions, and matched Hakka Affairs Council’s strategies. The relationship between the central government agency and local associations is domination and resistance. The study also shows that local associations easily knew local demands and thoughts, but not all of them could practice ideal forms of cultural space. After all, local associations involved numerous benefits and power. The development of the surrounding areas in Shenghsing Station leaded the rise and fall of power between two parities. As for the production of space, the surrounding areas in Shenghsing Station has never stopped produce its own cultural space. In other words, the production of space has never stopped.