再生緣之女性自我實現研究

The Study of Female Self-actualization in Zai Sheng Yuan

黃曉晴(Hsiao-ching Huang)

指導教授 ： 李國俊

國立中央大學/文學院/中國文學系/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本篇論文擬以《再生緣》之女性「自我實現」為觀照核心，看待傳統社會之女性如何以女扮男裝的方式實現自我，其心路歷程為何。另外女性實現自我與傳統之間出現的轉變、堅持與困惑都是值得我們一探究竟的。在此藉由心理學中「自我實現」的鏡子，對映出《再生緣》的突破之處，更能兼顧女性對傳統的堅持，建構出公正客觀的女性思維。
「第一章 緒論」主要說明本篇論文之研究基礎。包含研究動機與目的、文獻回顧與檢討、研究方法及本篇論文架構之介紹。
「第二章 執筆青春：陳端生生平與創作」介紹、考證作者陳端生生平，用與《再生緣》之女性要角孟麗君當作「對鏡寫真」。至於端生丈夫生平，則另引新史料《西徵錄》對陳寅恪與郭沫若兩大學者之爭，提出自身之見解。
「第三章 《再生緣》之女扮男裝與才能彰顯」，首先就扮裝意義切入探討女扮男裝行為與男女階層之責任關係。雖然扮裝基於道德層面的考量在現實生活不被允許，在文學題材中卻藉此走出現有領域，利用的就是「只認服裝不認人」的社會認知與服裝符號意義。接著延伸上述主題回歸《再生緣》，由女扮男裝行為談起，探討女性實現自我之動機與初始過程。
「第四章《再生緣》女性自我實現之過程及心態轉變」，藉由《再生緣》中的「對話」瞭解女性在不同階段中自我實現開展過程與心態轉變。從一開始初出閨閣，不斷尋求自我增進；到入朝為官，不斷追求、沈溺於高峰經驗；即使面對他人質疑，依舊堅持理想，不惜挺身與傳統展開辯證，在釐清種種糾葛的同時，建立起女性的需求心理。
「第五章 《再生緣》之變：女性自我實現對傳統之顛覆及突破」試從《再生緣》之女性以自我實現為前提，對傳統三綱（君、父、夫）與四德（德、言、容、工）產生顛覆與轉變。在政治方面，由女可為臣，到臣為君綱；在家庭方面，由女可為子，到子為父綱；在婚姻方面，從女可為主，到妻為夫綱。在自我實現的理想下，女性不再是權力的被動者。另外在四德的表現也異於傳統，展現新的女性典範。
「第六章 《再生緣》之不變：女性所堅持之傳統要求」《再生緣》中女性保留之傳統以纏足與貞節最為顯著，巧合的是，兩者都是私密的、個人的行為。然在清代受到女子所擁護的纏足與貞節，到了現代反倒成為後世學者大力抨擊的「舊傳統」。然從《再生緣》之纏足具有四方面之意義：審美意識之展現、男女領域之區分、道德美善之表現、實現自我之無礙。在此看到纏足傳統，與才德美的稱讚成為正比，越是富有才華、越是貌美的女子，小腳越是精巧。《再生緣》之女性亦視「貞節」為實踐道德的方式，以塑造女主角形象之美好。守節表現及意義在於選擇對象自主、身心全面要求、道德保護作用及男子亦需守節等，存在作者自身對貞節概念的活用詮釋與實踐要求。
最後「第七章 結論」總結上述研究成果，期待能架構起《再生緣》中特出的女性自我實現價值，並對其表現展開檢討與展望。

關鍵字

扮裝 ； 再生緣 ； 自我實現 ； 女性

並列摘要

This paper draws up take " Zai Sheng Yuan " the female “the Self-actualization” as the contemplation core, the way actualization which how female of the regarding tradition society does woman dressed as a man, its idea course why. As soon as moreover does the female actualize with the traditional between transformations, the insistence, actually puzzled all is worth us searching. Because of psychology in “Self-actualization” the mirror, to screens “Zai Sheng Yuan " place of the breakthrough, gives dual attention to the female to the traditional insistence, constructs the fair objective feminine thought.

“The first chapter of introduction” mainly shows study foundation, contains the study motive and the goal, the literature review, the study technique and introduction this paper construction.

“The second chapter writes the youth: the biography and the creation of Chen Duan- Sheng”: introduce the biography and the creation of author Chen Duan- Sheng, with by Meng Li-jun with" Zai Sheng Yuan” to treat as “to the mirror”. As for Chen Duan- Sheng’s husband biography, directs the historical data " Xi Zheng Lu " in addition to Chen Yin-Ke and the Guo Mo-Ruo two scholar''s views, proposes own opinion.

The third chapter discusses in the cross-dressing and ability appearance in Zai Sheng Yuan First, the cross-dressing significance cut into the discussion in cross-dressing and the male and female social stratum responsibility of relations. Returns Zai Sheng Yuan, mentions by the cross-dressing, discusses the female self-actualization and motion.

The Fourth chapter discusses in “process of women self-actualization with point of view transformation in Zai Sheng Yuan”. From the beginning of leaves the inner chamber, seeks unceasingly promotes; To enters the palace for the official, pursues unceasingly, wallows in the peak experience; Even if questioned facing other people, persists the ideal as before, establishes the female demand psychology.

The fifth chapter discusses in “Zai Sheng Yuan variable: female self-actualization to subversion of and breakthrough the traditional”. To the tradition, it’s three to be obeyed (emperor, father, husband) and the four feminine virtues (personal character, word, appearance, labor) to have the subversion and the transformation. In the ideal, a woman no longer is authority passive and has unfolded the new feminine model.

The sixth chapter discusses in Zai Sheng Yuan invariable: Tradition of female insistence”. Retention of the feminine tradition foot-binding and the chastity is most obvious. The foot-binding has significances of the four aspects: esthetic consciousness, the male and female domain discrimination, strict morality, unobstructively self-actualization. “The chastity” also is practices moral the way to mold happiness the leading lady image. The chastity performance and the significance lies in the choice object independent, the body and mind comprehensive request, the morals protective function and the man also must maintain moral integrity and so on.

Finally the seventh chapter of conclusion, the summary above study results, anticipated can the construction gets up Zai Sheng Yuan the female self-actualization present value and launches the introspection to its performance.

並列關鍵字

Zai Sheng Yuan ； Self-actualization ； Female

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