海上恐怖主義將成為未來恐怖分子或組織發動攻擊的新模式之一。本文將分析海上恐怖主義對港口之威脅,現行恐怖分子在海上運作模式,以及可能對於麥寮港所造成之風險與安全問題。2001年美國遭到911恐怖攻擊事件後,導致國際海事組織 (International Maritime Organisation﹐IMO)採納國際船舶及港口設施保全(International Ship and Port Facility Security﹐ISPS)議程,以因應海上恐怖攻擊事件發生,麥寮港隨即依照國際海事組織(IMO)之規定,辦理「港口設施保全評估報告」及「港口設施保全計畫」,以確保港口設施安全。 有鑑於恐怖攻擊事件對國家建設及人民生命財產安全影響之大,如何精進現有麥寮港海上反恐措施,及麥寮港該如何面對未來海上反恐挑戰,即將是未來麥寮港在海上反恐之重要課題。 關鍵詞:海上恐怖主義、國際海事組織、港口設施保全計畫、港口設施保全評估
Maritime terrorism has been emerging as a new pattern of assault for individual or organized terrorist attacks. This study will analyze the extent of the threat posed by maritime terrorism to sea ports, the current modes of operation employed by maritime terrorists, and the possible risks and security impacts on Mailiao port. The 9/11 U.S. terrorist attacks in 2001 has led the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to adopt the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) agenda in response to potential terrorist attacks at sea. In an effort to ensure the security of port facilities, the port of Mailiao promptly followed suit with the implementation of the “Port Facility Security Assessment Report” and “Port Facility Security Plan”, conducted according to IMO regulations. In view of the critical influence of terrorist attacks on national infrastructure and the safety of people's lives and property, questions regarding how Mailiao proposes to bolster existing maritime counter-terrorism measures, and how it manages to confront upcoming challenges of maritime terrorism, will become major concerns in the port’s future battle against seaborne terrorism. Key Words: Maritime Terrorism, International Maritime Organization (IMO), Port Facility Security Plan (PFSP), Port Facility Security Assessment (PFSA)