農地開放自由買賣後農地農用管制政策執行之研究-以臺南市為例

Research performed by agricultural land agricultural control policies after an open and free trading of agricultural land - take Tainan city as an example

王鈞賢(Wang Chun Hsien)

指導教授 ： 廖坤榮

國立中正大學/社會科學院/政治學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

「農業發展條例」自民國89年1月26日公布施行，因應農業經營型態之變革，將過去所謂管「人」和管「地」同時並行的農地政策，轉變為僅管「地」的農地，即管地又管人以自耕農從事農業活動為主的「農地農有，農地農用」政策，調整為「管地不管人」之農地政策，因此開放農地自由買賣，任何自然人都可以購買、贈與或繼承農地。
原舊有「管地又管人」，在開放農地自由買賣後改為「管地不管人」，但是「農地要農用」，然96年該條例再修正為農地移轉無任何限制後，只要繳納稅賦即可移轉農地，無須農地農用，即「不管地，也不管人」；原農地管理已不能有效管制，又因移轉無任何限制，為一些農地違規使用者得以解套，使農地管理問題更加嚴重；另由於開放農地自由買賣和有條件的興建農舍及農業設施，造成農地利用型態上產生一些負面的外部成本，也帶來很多問題與社會諸多的批評，其中，最重要的問題就是農地農用管制政策的失控。
本研究將以「臺南市」為研究範圍，透過質化方式蒐集各方資料及探究農業發展條例修正之政策理念，期瞭解實施開放農地自由買賣後，對於地方基層機關執行「農舍興建」、「農業設施容許同意」及「農地農用證明核發稅賦優惠」等「農地農用政策」管制工具措施來探討為何導致管制失控的原因，以探討農業發展條例修正後管制失靈情形，並藉由管制者與被管制者間深度訪談了解分析管制失靈原因及為管制革新之研議，其所獲致之結論建議如下:

一、建立完善國土利用規劃制度，訂定嚴格規範予以保護
二、確實審查興建農舍之農民資格，建立監督管理機制
三、應於農地移轉後列管登記，如違規使用則予以處罰，並嚴格執行
四、政府應規劃適當獎勵與懲罰，以利達成管制成果

關鍵字

農地農用證明 ； 農業設施 ； 農舍 ； 管制失靈 ； 管制理論

並列摘要

Agricultural Development Act" in 89 years on January 26 promulgated, in response to changes in farming patterns of the past so-called tube "people" and the pipe "land" in parallel of agricultural policy into only the tube "to" the agricultural land, that pipe to another pipe person to farmers engaged in agricultural activities oriented "agricultural land farming there, agricultural land farm" policy, adjusted to the "tube land regardless of who" agricultural policy, thus opening up agricultural land freely traded, any natural person can buy, gift or inheritance of agricultural land.
Original old "pipe to another pipe man" in the open farmland freely traded later changed to "pipe to no matter who," but "agricultural land to farm," and then 96 years of the Ordinance and then corrected for the farmers migrated without any restrictions after , they pay taxes to the migration of agricultural land, agricultural land farm without that "regardless of the land, no matter who"; former agricultural land management has been unable to effectively control, because the migration without any restrictions, for a number of agricultural land violations user to get out of trouble enable farmers to manage the problem worse; another freely traded due to the open farmland and conditional construct farmhouse and agricultural facilities, causing some negative external costs on agricultural land use patterns, it also brings a lot of problems with many of the social criticism, which The most important issue is the loss of control of agricultural land for agricultural control policy.
This research will "Tainan City" as the scope of the study to collect information and to explore policy ideas parties amended the Agricultural Development Act through a qualitative way of understanding the implementation of open farmland freely traded, the local grassroots agencies to perform "farmhouse construction", " agricultural facilities allow consent "and" agricultural land for agricultural certification issued tax incentives "and other policy measures to investigate the regulatory tools" of agricultural land for agricultural policy "led to inadequate control of the reasons why, in order to investigate the failure of the Agricultural Development Act amendments control the situation, and by regulators and being understanding among regulators in-depth interviews and analysis of the reasons for the failure of the control of the regulatory reform deliberations, its conclusions gained from the following recommendations:

1. establish and improve Land use planning system, set stringent norms to be protected
2. really qualified to review the construction of farmers farmhouse, set up supervision and management
mechanism
3. agricultural land should be transferred after the tube registration, such as illegal use will be punished
and strictly enforced
4. the government should plan an appropriate reward and punishment to control the outcome of a Leader

並列關鍵字

agricultural facilities ； farmhouse ； control failure ； control theory ； agricultural land agricultural prove

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