醫院傳送員肌肉骨骼傷害之研究─以中部某醫療體系為例

醫院傳送員以運送病人及傳送物品等為主要工作，過度施力、重複性工作或不當姿勢均致可能使腰椎受力過大或遭致疲勞受力，而對肌肉骨骼產生不同程度的傷害。此外，醫院傳送員需不斷走動，容易造成心理或生理上的疲勞，引發肌肉酸痛等不適症狀。職業性肌肉骨骼傷害佔勞保職業病成因給付相當高的比例，且有逐年上升的趨勢，國內、美國和歐盟的調查結果發現，照護相關人員工作均易造成肌肉骨骼傷害。針對醫院傳送員的肌肉骨骼研究極少，時常有感覺肌肉骨骼不適的情形。本研究目的在評估醫院傳送員的肌肉骨骼傷害問題及潛在風險因素，以NMQ自覺問卷為調查工具，藉由分析結果探討肌肉骨骼傷害的情形。本研究以中部地區某醫療體系兩家醫院傳送員為對象，含一家醫學中心73位、一家區域醫院11人，共計84位為調查對象，為提高本研究有效問卷率與問卷之正確性，肌肉骨骼問卷調查表由施測者詢問受測者，再依受測者之回答勾選問卷選項。研究結果發現醫院傳送員自述身體部位有肌肉骨骼不適症狀種類以「酸痛」為主，比例約為57.56%，其中自覺身體肌肉骨骼不適部位以下背部73人(83.91%)為最高，其次依序為右膝蓋69人(79.31%)、左肩膀68人(78.16%)，認為「全因/部份工作造成」則佔90.80%，並進行卡方檢定、邏輯斯迴歸分析及複迴歸分析，分析肌肉骨骼不適之部位。

關鍵字

肌肉骨骼問卷調查表；肌肉骨骼；醫院傳送員

並列摘要

Hospital porters are vulnerable to various degrees of musculoskeletal injuries from delivering patients and the transferring objects because of their excessive lumbar loadings or fatigability which may arise from overuse of muscles, repetitive woks, and inappropriate postures. In addition, the hospital porters may also suffer from mental or physical fatigue, muscle aches for example, because of their moving around most of the time. Results of investigations from United States, European Union, and Taiwan have indicated that occupational musculoskeletal discomfort accounts a lot for labor insurance payment and the proportion is getting increasingly higher. However, there were limited studies on hospital porters’ work-related musculoskeletal discomforts. The purpose of this study is to evaluate characteristics and risk factors of hospital porters’ musculoskeletal discomforts by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). This study will recruit 84 hospital porters from a medical system in middle Taiwan, 73 of them from a medical center and 11 of them from a regional hospital, for face-to-face interview to increase response rate and accuracy. Fifty seven percent (57.56%) of hospital porters mentioned discomfort on various parts of body. The largest percentage, 73 (83.91%) people, mentioned discomfort in lower back, followed by 69 (79.31%) people with discomfort in right knee, and 68 (78.16%) in left shoulders. It is about 90.80 percents which are thought caused by all or partial work. Chi-square test, multi-logistic regression and multiple regression are used to analyze the uncomfortable part of muscle and skeleton.