臺灣醫師出走記：以西進中國為例

Brain Drain of Taiwanese Doctors：Case Study of Migration to China

李淑霞(Shu-Hsia Lee)

指導教授 ： 藍科正

國立中正大學/社會科學院/勞工關係學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究以探討臺灣醫師出走及西進中國之實況發掘為主軸。首先對四位曾經或正在中國執業之醫師，以及兩位衛生主管機關人員，進行深度訪談；再輔以問卷調查35名根留臺灣的醫師，以了解醫師西進中國的狀況。
本研究結果顯示：一、臺灣醫師出走係以「個人進修需求」為主因。二、臺灣醫師西進中國之現象尚非普遍，因經濟因素或是企業需求西進中國之醫師，會因此而增加收入或是職位提升；基於經濟因素、任務結束，以及文化與生活的落差，臺灣醫師終究會回國。三、臺灣醫師西進中國之樣態，以「常駐」為主，但即便是常駐，因中國市場之不確定性，醫師們在臺灣仍保留退路。
綜上，研究者建議政府或醫療機構應提供適當之留才政策，以滿足醫師自我實現與醫療品質提升之雙贏局面。再者，應由政府建置醫師遷移資訊查詢平台與不定期稽核，以利於政府掌握確切數據，並擬定醫師留才策略。

關鍵字

人才外流 ； 西進中國(大陸) ； 臺灣醫師出走 ； 醫療移民 ； 遷移法則

並列摘要

This study was to explore the migration of Taiwanese doctors and the phenomenon of Taiwanese doctors working in China. First of all, in depth interviews were conducted with 4 migrant Taiwanese doctors who ever worked in China or have been working there, and also with two staffs from the Health authorities. Second, a questionnaire survey of 35 doctors who eventually settled down in Taiwan was made to get a closer look at the situation of Taiwanese doctors working in China.
The findings of this study: First, the main reason of Taiwanese doctors’ migration is "an individual advanced training need". Second, the phenomenon of Taiwanese doctor migrating to China is uncommon. Thanks for economic reason or enterprise requirement, these doctors heading to China will result in a revenue increase or a job promotion. However, in the wake of economic factors, the end of a mission, or cultural and living difference, Taiwanese doctors will eventually come back. Third, the Taiwanese doctors in China are mainly in a state of "a long term residency". However, in consideration of the Chinese market uncertainty, these resident doctors will remain a backup plan of returning to Taiwan.
In summary, researcher suggests that the Government or medical institutions should provide an appropriate talent retention policy, in order to meet the doctors’ self-actualization and enhance the healthcare quality, to achieve a win-win situation. Furthermore, the government should build an online platform for doctor’s migration search and conduct an irregular audit to obtain effective data and develop a doctor retention strategy.

並列關鍵字

brain drain ； migrate to China ； migrant Taiwanese doctors (physicians) ； migration of health professionals ； the laws of migration

參考文獻

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