台灣產母草屬(玄参科)數值分類研究

A Numerical Taxonomy of the Genus Lindernia (Scrophulariaceae) in Taiwan

馮玉瀅(Yu-Ying Feng)

指導教授 ： 楊勝任 博士

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/森林系所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2008.00029

摘要

台灣產玄參科(Scrophulariaceae)母草屬(Lindernia)有不同的分類處理，然而屬以下分類位階對果實的描述並不完整，且依果實形態的分類研究比較缺乏。本研究除藉由比較母草屬果實形態特徵以瞭解各物種之變異外，並由觀察果實和果萼的形態與表皮微構造之特徵，並且利用多變數分析法，了解本屬各種群之間的關係。研究方法將母草屬植物臘葉標本做為41個分類運算單位(OTUs)，使用類別、序位與數量3種資料類型，依外部形態紀錄50個特徵單位而構成原始資料矩陣。將原始資料矩陣進行序位群團分析和非計量多向度尺度，以反應母草屬植物各種群間之關係。研究依據歸群樹狀圖及分布序列圖之結果均顯示，本屬植物明顯區分為13個種群，本屬果實均為胞間裂蒴果。以典型判別分析測試38份OTUs與17項數量特徵資料進行分析，得知10個極顯著水準的特徵單位，依序為葉柄長、蒴果寬、蒴果長、小葉長、果柄長、大葉寬、果萼長、花萼長、小葉寬及大葉長。雙序圖結果顯示本屬13個植物種群明顯區分，且前4軸能夠對物種與特徵 單位有71%之解釋能力。

關鍵字

典型變數分析 ； 果實形態 ； 母草屬 ； 非計量多向度尺度 ； 序位群團分析

並列摘要

Some different opinions about the classification of the genus Lindernia (Scrophulariaceae) in Taiwan still existed and the reports of carpology taxonomy are very scarce, and incomplete especially for this genus or its lower taxa. The aims of this study are to use the characteristics of fruits, including the septicidal dehiscence in the different placentation, the epidermis micro-structure to compare the species of this genus Lindernia. The multivariate analysis based on Gower’s index was used to evaluate the relationships between the thirteen species of the genus Lindernia from the primary matrix. The primary matrix is composed of fifty character states and forty-one operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for further analysis. The character states were measured on three scales: binary ordinal, multistate nominal (ordinal) and quantitative. Ordinal cluster analysis (OrdClAn) and non-metric multidimentional scaling (NMDS) were used to evaluate the relationship between the thirteen Lindernia species from the primary matrix. As the results we conclude that the fruits of Lindernia are all septicidal capsule. The cluster dendrogram and ordination of OTUs showed that the
genus Lindernia can be significantly divided into thrteen species groups. The results by Canonical variation analysis (CVA) showed that ten items of character states were significant, including petiole, capsule width, capsule length, small leaf length, fruit petiole, big leaf width, fruit calyx, calyx, small leaf width and big leaf length. The first four axes of CVA can explain about 71% of the variance for the species and micro-structure characteristics.

並列關鍵字

Canonical variate analysis ； Fruit Taxonomy ； Lindernia ； Non-metric multidimentional scaling ； Ordinal cluster analysis

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