志願服務教育訓練課程之效益研究 ―以屏東縣志願服務之訓練為例

The Research on outcome of Volunteer service training courses. ― A case of Pingtung County volunteer service training.

張啟華(Chang Chi-hua)

指導教授 ： 王仕圖

國立屏東科技大學/人文暨社會科學院/社會工作系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00205

摘要

就組織在招募和訓練志願服務人選時，期望能掌握志願服務參與者本身的個人背景、服務動機、服務行為意向等，在有限的經費、資源下給予志工們的相關知識與訓練，是否真的能夠符合、滿足他們當初投入志願服務時的服務動機、意向、以及對組織期待呢？希望能透過本研究提供志願服務訓練、招募單位在志工的訓練與管理上一個參考依據。
本研究樣本以已接受過志願服基礎、特殊訓者為研究對象選取重點，於屏東縣2013年一至四月間九如鄉、屏東市、潮州鎮共計三場訓練課程約300餘人，回收問卷256份，有效問卷共計211份。即針對個人背景基本資料、服務動機、行為意向三者間和志願服務教育訓練找出相互影響之差異性及相關性研究。
研究結果發現性別在服務動機、行為意向的變項中，男性比女性更會受到志願服務動機的社會因素以及行為意向中的主觀價值所影響；18歲以下者的服務動機受到社會因素的影響最高，在動機上年齡較輕的人較容易受到他人的影響，在行為意向變項中也以18歲以下者最容易受到主觀價值的影響；目前未婚者在服務動機中較多受到社會因素影響；在行為意向中也是目前未婚者比較會受到其主觀價值所影響；職業聲望與服務動機的社會因素以及行為意向的主觀價值兩者之中皆產生顯著的負相關；服務動機上來看，無宗教信仰者比有宗教信仰者受到社會因素的影響還要大；無宗教信仰者在行為意向上也顯然比有宗教信仰者容易受到服務單位主觀價值影響服務的選擇。
服務動機的服務學習、社會因素對教育訓練效益變項為正向的影響，且受到服務學習的服務動機影響越高者對教育訓練效益的影響較大；行為意向的行為態度對教育訓練效益變項也顯示為正向的影響。
課程的安排對於個人反應、課程計畫、機構與實務驗證的教育訓練效益的考量，在不同的個人背景差異中並無直接的影響，而是需要考量到參與者的服務動機與行為意向對於教育訓練的不同反應。良好的服務動機與正確的行為觀念可以透過教育訓練課程達到未來服務時的需要，這類的課程卻在現階段的教育訓練規畫中，只有志工倫理課程稍有提及，建議未來納入動機與行為類的教育訓練課程。

關鍵字

志願服務 ； 服務動機 ； 行為意向 ； 教育訓練效益

並列摘要

Abstract:
As an organization recruits and trains for the volunteer, it often expects to control the participants’ background, service motivation, and service behavior. Can the interrelated knowledge and training under limited budget and resources be qualified for and satisfy their motivation, intention, and the expectation to the organization? We hope that we can offer the reference to the unit of the volunteer service training and recruit of the volunteer service training and management through this research.
This research focuses on the people who have accepted the basic and special training of volunteer service as objects of study. We investigated three hundred people who took the training courses in Jioru country, Pingtung city, Chouchu town from January to April in 2013 in PintungCounty. We recycled questionnaire 256, the effective questionaire2011. We search for the difference and interrelationship among the personal background basic information, service motivation, behavior intention, and volunteer service training.
The result of the research finds that in the variable of service motivation and behavior intention, men are affected by the social factor of volunteer service motivation and subjective value of behavior intention more than women. The service motivation of people under eighteen is affected by the social factor the most. In motivation, young people are affected by other people easier. In the variable of behavior intention, people under eighteen are the easiest to be affected by subjective values. Currently, single people are affected by social factors more in service motivation. In behavior intention, single people are affected by subjective values more, too. Social factors of occupational prestige, service motivation, and subjective values of behavior intentions all result into negative correlation. From the aspect of service motivation, atheists are affected by social factors more than religious people. Atheist choices to serve are obviously easier to be affected by subjective values of service unit than religious people in behavior intention.
Service learning, social factors of service motivation have positive effects to outcome of volunteer service training and people affected by the service motivation of service learning has higher effects to the outcome of volunteer service training. It also reveals that the behavior attitude of behavior intention has positive effects to the variable of outcome of volunteer service training.
There are no direct effects of arrangements of courses to the consideration of outcome of volunteer service training of personal reactions, plans of courses, proof of institution and practice under the difference of personal backgrounds. Instead, we need to consider different reactions between service motivation and behavior intention of participants to educational training. Good service motivation and correct behavior concept can be achieved through courses of educational training when we need to serve in the future. However, this kind of courses is only mentioned a little in volunteer ethics currently. We advise to bring educational training courses to motivation and behavior in the future.

並列關鍵字

Volunteer service ； Service Motivation ； Behavior Intention ； Outcome of Volunteer service training

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