屏東九如地區黃緣螢棲地環境調查研究

A survey study on habitat environment of Luciola ficta Olivier in Pingtung county

趙于震(Yu-Jhen Jhao)

指導教授 ： 李明熹

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/水土保持系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00282

摘要

螢火蟲是生態環境的重要生物指標之一，幾十年來由於環境的破壞與汙染，造成螢火蟲生存的棲地大量的減少，因此螢火蟲棲地環境的調查與保育是相當的重要。本研究以屏東縣九如鄉玉泉村的黃緣螢棲地(崇蘭舊圳)為研究對象，透過現地19個月的調查量測棲地流況(水深及流速)、水質(水溫、溶氧、電導度、鹽度、酸鹼度及懸浮固體)、土壤(總體密度、顆粒密度、孔隙率、有機質及酸鹼度)，並以穿越線法調查左右護岸上黃緣螢成蟲數量，分析適合黃緣螢居住的棲地條件，並探討各項環境因子與黃緣螢成蟲數量之相關性。
研究結果顯示區域內黃緣螢成蟲發生的高峰期有三次，分別為3~4月、6~7月及11~12月，每天活動最頻繁的時間為日落後30~60分鐘。自然護岸黃緣螢成蟲數量為景觀護岸的三倍以上，經獨立T檢定分析後，兩岸黃緣螢成蟲數量確實存在顯著的差異性。水深及流速的調查結果分別為42.3cm及0.33m/s，水溫、溶氧、電導度、鹽度及酸鹼度的調查結果分別為25℃、4.63mg/l、0.42mS/cm、0.21ppt及7.21，流況及水質的調查分析與前人的研究結果相當接近，顯示該地區的水環境相當適合黃緣螢幼蟲的生存。自然護岸與景觀護岸水質調查結果相當接近，但土壤性質存在顯著的差異性。土壤性質與黃緣螢成蟲數量呈現中度以上的相關性，其中總體密度、孔隙率及酸鹼度與黃緣螢成蟲數量之相關係數分別為-0.809、0.803及0.734，顯示為高度相關。換句話說，當黃緣螢化蛹時，較喜歡鬆軟及中性偏弱鹼性的土壤條件。

關鍵字

螢火蟲 ； 黃緣螢 ； 水質 ； 土壤性質

並列摘要

The number of fireflies is the index of environment pollution in suburban area. Firefly is one of the important biological indexes for ecological environment. Firefly habitats have decreased rapidly due to the agrichemical toxicity, light pollution and habitat destruction caused by the water pollution. Therefore, it is very important for long-term investigation and conservation of firefly habitat. The study area is located in Yuquan village, Jiuru Township, Pingtung County. The field investigation data included flow conditions (depth and velocity), water qualities (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, salinity, pH value and suspended solids), soil properties (Particle density, Bulk density, Porosity, Organic matter and Soil reaction) and the number of adult Luciola ficta Olivier were collected and analyzed in this paper.
The results show that the peak times of daily activity for adult Luciola ficta Olivier occur after sunset to 30-60 minutes, and there have three breeding periods (March to April, July to August and November to December) in the study area. The natural revetment is more than 3 times the number of adult Luciola ficta Olivier of landscape revetment. The average values of flow depth and velocity are 42.3cm and 0.33m/s respectively, and the means of water qualities for water temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, salinity and pH value are 250, 4.63mg/l, 0.42mS/cm, 0.21ppt and 7.21. The above data investigated in the study area are very close to the investigations of other researchers. In other words, the water environment of the study habitat is suitable for living with larva of Luciola ficta Olivier. The difference in water qualities between natural revetment and landscape revetment is very closely, but the soil properties of two revetments differ greatly. Using the statistic method, the correlation coefficients between the number of adult Luciola ficta Olivier and Bulk density, Porosity, Soil reaction are -0.809, 0.803 and 0.734 respectively. On the other hand, the Luciola ficta Olivier prefers living in soft and mildly alkaline soil during pupation period.

並列關鍵字

Firefly ； Luciola ficta Olivier ； Water quality ； Soil property

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