落塵影響太陽熱能效率的實驗與模擬分析

Numerical simulation and experiment on efficiency for the solar thermal energy due to falling dust

洪鵬翔(Peng-Siang Hong)

指導教授 ： 陳建霖

義守大學/理工學院/機械與自動化工程學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

太陽的輻射光照射到地球，是地球獲得能量的來源，因此太陽能變成重要的再生能源，然而取之容易用之則難，往往因為大環境變化進而影響輻射能量。在台灣因空污較為嚴重，相對帶來的落塵量也較多；有鑑於此，本研究將透過太陽光模擬燈具照射落塵收集的試片，並觀察其照度與溫度之影響；然後透過計算流體力學技術模擬開啟燈泡後，其輻射熱經由反射罩投射於觀察面的結果，本文並調整所模擬玻璃之漫射率數值來代表落塵量，所得模擬結果與實驗比對並執行物理參數分析。
在應用方面，本研究應用太陽熱能於自製的蒸餾器上，將收集到的落塵試片放置蒸餾器以測量其溫度與蒸餾水量，然後計算其製水效率；根據實驗結果顯示，歷經九天的落塵試片會使觀察面上的照度下降51W/m2，若用於自製的蒸餾器上會使其蒸餾水製造效率下降50％。

關鍵字

太陽熱能實驗 ； 計算流體力學 ； 蒸餾器

並列摘要

The solar radiation, which is the main energy source of the Earth, irradiates on earth and the solar energy becomes to the most important renewable energy. However it is easy to take, but not convenient to be used, and changed environments often influence the radiation energy. In Taiwan, the air pollution is serious, with relatively heavy falling dust existing. For this reason, this study used the solar simulator to provide the artificial daylight upon the falling-dust sample glass, thereafter the irradiance and temperature on the test plane were observed. We used the CFD technology to simulate the radiated thermal field by the light on and the radiant heat was reflected to the observation plane by reflector. Moreover, the diffuse fractions of the simulated glasses were adjusted to represent falling dust quantities for physical parametric analysis as compared with simulated and experimental results. In other aspect, based on the sample glass installed on the distiller, we applied solar energy on self-made distillers to measure the temperature and distilled water volume, also calculated their efficiencies. According to our experimental results, the irradiance decreased 51W/m2 and water efficiency decreased 50% if distilled by self-made distillers, after sample glasses exposed to outdoor environments in nine days.

並列關鍵字

solar thermal experiment ； CFD ； self-made distiller

參考文獻

[3]. Hung, L. J., Tsai, S. S., Chen, P. S., Yang, Y. H., Liou, S. H., Wu, T. N., and Yang, C. Y., 2012, “Traffic Air Pollution and Risk of Death from Breast Cancer in Taiwan: Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) as a Proxy Marker, ” Aerosol and Air Quality Research.

[5]. Bahadur, R., Feng, Y., Russell, L. M., and Ramanathan, V., 2011, “Impact of California’s air pollution laws on black carbon and their implications for direct radiative forcing, ” Atmospheric Environment, 45(5), pp. 1162-1167.

[6]. Panicker, A. S., Pandithurai, G., Safai, P. D., Dipu, S., and Lee, D. I., 2010, “On the contribution of black carbon to the composite aerosol radiative forcing over an urban environment, ” Atmospheric Environment, 44(25), pp. 3066-3070.

[7]. Schichtel, B. A., Pitchford, M. L., and White, W. H., 2011, "Comments on “Impact of California’s Air Pollution Laws on Black Carbon and their Implications for Direct Radiative Forcing” by R. Bahadur et al," Atmospheric Environment, 45(24), pp. 4116-4118.

[10]. Chang, S. C., Lee, C. T., 2007, “Assessment of PM10 enhancement by yellow sand on the air quality of Taipei, Taiwan in 2001, ” Environmental monitoring and assessment, 132(1-3), pp. 297-309.