有氧運動與營養教育介入對大學過重女學生減重及體適能之影響

The effects of weight reduction and fitness of overweight female College Students based on combination of aerobic exercise and nutrition studies

黃羽彤(YU-TUNG HUANG)

指導教授 ： 鄭雅愛 ； 高月慈

義守大學/醫學院/醫務管理學系/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6343/ISU.2015.00373

摘要

肥胖是全球引起死亡的第五大風險因子，並造成個人代謝相關疾病及國家醫療財政負擔。臺灣地區由於社會進步、經濟發展、營養狀況改善及交通建設發展使生活活動空間相對地減少；再加上國人飲食習慣改變，過重或肥胖盛行有明顯增加趨勢。研究指出，青少年時期的肥胖會隨著年齡的增加而導致成年時期肥胖的發生，且可能直接或間接的增加成年後肥胖相關慢性病的致病率和死亡率，對人類健康產生重大的威脅。因此在學校中建立一個可以持續進行的健康體重控制課程更形重要。
研究的目的在探討有氧運動與營養教育介入對大學過重女學生減重及體適能之影響。本研究選取過重之大學女學生共計50位，每一位的身體質量指數 (body mass index, BMI) 均超過24kg/m2，平均年齡19.6±3歲（年齡範圍從17歲到22歲）參與研究。所有受試者在實驗前、後均需接受體重、身體質量指數、腰臀圍、體脂肪率、仰臥起坐、坐姿體前彎、三分鐘登階測試（心肺耐力指標）等測量。所有受試者均接受8小時的營養教育課程及為期2個月的有氧運動訓練。有氧運動訓練方式為每週接受2次，每次1小時。所有檢測參數資料：體重、身體質量指數、一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐、坐姿體前彎、三分鐘登階測試等以成對樣本-T檢定 (paired-t test) 進行統計分析。統計結果發現，體重、身體質量指數、三分鐘登階測試和坐姿體前彎等均達顯著差異，但是一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐則未達顯著差異。由本研究可知，每週2次，每次1小時的規律有氧運動加上營養教育課程的模式對於女性減重和體適能（肌力與肌耐力外）的增進是有幫助的。

關鍵字

減重計畫 ； 體適能 ； 營養教育 ； 有氧運動

並列摘要

Obesity is the fifth leading risk factor of death globally. Obesity causes diseases related to metabolic syndrome individually and creates medical and financial burdens nationally. Along with improvements in the social-economic status, life quality has evolved a change in eating habits. This change in eating habits is a significant factor underlying the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. Many studies have shown that adolescent obesity is the main factor that associated with the increases in obesity-related chronic disease morbidity and mortality. The present study was intended to establish a sustainable healthy weight control program in the university to reduce the prevalence of obesity among students.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the aerobic exercise combined with the nutrition education on the weight reduction and fitness enhancement of overweigh college female. Fifty overweight female college students were recruited with all there’s body mass index (BMI) larger than 24 kg/m2 and average age 19.6±3 years (17-22 years) in this study. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, total body fat ratio, sit-up, trunk muscle flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance index were measured before and after the trainings and statistically analyzed in paired t-test. All subjects received eight-hour nutrition education classes and aerobic exercises performed one hour per time and twice a week for two months. The data was processed by SPSS for windows 18.0 software system and the t-test was used to analyze the comparison of before and after the training in all tested subjects. The results showed that the improvements were statistically significant in weight (p<.05), BMI (p<.05), 1-minute sit-up (p<.05), and cardiovascular endurance index(p<.05), but not significant in trunk muscle flexibility(p<.05). The study suggests that the model of the aerobic exercise combined with nutrition education could be served as an available method for weight reduction and fitness enhancement in women, except the muscle endurance.

並列關鍵字

weight reduction program ； fitness ； nutrition education ； aerobic exercise

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