川貝母為多年生草本植物,且被列為國家三級保護物種,分佈於中國的川西高原,海拔3,200-4,200公尺環境陰暗潮濕之地。貝母藥材的生產是一個大型的發展目標,業界估計在中國川貝母產值達4億美元,但年產量卻只能滿足5%的市場需求(UNDP, 2005),在人們無計劃性的採集野生植物情況下,已經把它推向滅種邊緣,所以大量繁殖川貝母有其必要性,而引種進行川貝母的栽培不但能解決市場需求,也能保護物種避免滅亡。本試驗主要探討川貝母種子之無菌播種最適條件,分別為種子播種前再低溫處理(-20oC),培養基之MS基礎鹽類強度(½X、2X和1X)、GA3之濃度(1、3、5和7 mg/L)、不同糖類濃度(1、3、5和7%)、不同碳源(sucrose、glucose、fructose和maltose)、培養基酸鹼值(5.2、5.7和6.2)及添加不同濃度之蛋白腖(peptone) (0.5、1和2 g/L)與不同濃度的植物生長調節劑(BA和NAA)等。結果發現2009年採收之川貝母種子於MS培養基中添加1 mg/L BA,0.4 mg/L NAA,0.3% gelrite和3%蔗糖於20oC環境中培養20天後,有最佳之發芽率,達91.0%。
Fritillaria cirrhosa is a perennial and protected species (grade 3), found at an altitude of 3200-4200 meter in shady and humid environment of Chuanxi altiplano region of China. The economic importance of Fritillaria cirrhosa has developed it in to a large scale industry worth approximately 400 million US$ per year in China (UNDP, 2005); however the annual output covers only 5% of the market demand. Excess exploitation of this plant from their natural habitat has pushed this wild plant to the brink of extinction, Hence it has become a necessity to preserve this Fritillaria species for future generation thus in vitro methodology could be the key to conserve this species. In vitro cultivation may be an important strategy to overcome the demand of market for this plant, while protecting this plant species in its natural habitat. This study was focused on asymbiotic seed germination of F. cirrhosa. Diffeent parameters were considered for seed germination. These parameters include varied concentration of cold pretreatment (-20oC), different strength of MS salts (½X, 1X and 2X), varied sucrose concentration (1, 3, 5 and 7%), temperature (20 and 26oC), different concentration of GA3 (1, 3, 5 and 7 mg/L), different sugars (fructose, glucose, maltose and sucrose), varying pH value (5.2, 5.7 and 6.2), growth regulators (BA and NAA) and different concentration of peptone (0.5, 1 and 2 g/L). It was found that the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BA, 0.4 mg/L NAA, 0.3% gelrite and 3% sucrose at 20oC for 20 days had the best seed germination rate 91% (seeds harvested in 2009).