運用系統模擬結合螞蟻演算法解決物流中心之揀貨問題

USING SYSTEM SIMULATION AND ACO ALGORITHMS TO SOLVE ORDER PICKING PROBLEMS OF DISTRIBUTION CENTER

洪禎鈞(Chen-chun Hong)

指導教授 ： 楊承亮

大同大學/經營設計學院/資訊經營學系所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

隨著電子商務的形成與顧客消費型態的改變，商品在市場上的需求已轉變成少量多樣性，使得物流中心變得比以往更繁忙，突顯物流中心之重要性，而物流成本中又以揀貨作業成本最爲重要，因此縮短揀貨作業時間與提高效率為本研究之目的。從文獻探討得知，揀貨路徑、儲區佈置之交叉走道設計是影響其揀貨作業效率主要因素，其中探討單一揀貨員情境居多，而多個揀貨員同時進行較少文獻探討。本研究以螞蟻演算法解決物流中心同時多個揀貨員之揀貨路徑問題，並與個案公司現有使用穿越策略方式作比較，結合系統模擬軟體ARENA設計各種不同交叉走道場景佈置組合，進行比較分析。本研究模式共有24種交叉組合，其揀貨路徑規劃方式有2種；揀貨員人數狀況有3種；交叉走道數狀況有4種 。
根據研究結果得知，當單一揀貨員時，揀貨路徑規劃使用ACO與3條交叉走道效果最好；當兩位揀貨員時，揀貨路徑規劃使用ACO與無交叉走道效果最好；當三位揀貨員時，揀貨路徑規劃使用ACO與無交叉走道效果最好。隨著交叉走道數量增加，可以降低揀貨行走時間，但影響總訂單完成時間並不顯著，並不能有效降低多個揀貨員同時揀貨所需的總訂單完成時間。

關鍵字

交叉走道 ； 螞蟻演算法 ； 揀貨 ； 物流中心 ； 模擬 ； 多揀貨員

並列摘要

As Electronic commerce come into being and customer’s consuming modality changes, the demand of commodity in the market has turn into diversity of few, and it makes the distribution center busier than ever and highlight the importance of the distribution center, and the costs of order picking operating is the most important part of the logistics costs, so this research aims to reduce the order picking operating time and increase efficiency. It is indicated in literatures that Order Picking Routing and Cross Aisle design of ambry layout are the main elements that will affect order picking operating efficiency, and most situations discussed in literatures are about single picker and few discussed about several pickers. This research solves the Order Picking Routing problem when there are several pickers in the distribution center by ACO, and compared with Traversal Strategy used by company in individual cases, combining with system simulation software ARENA to design all kinds of different Cross Aisle scene setting combination to compare and analyze. There are twenty four kinds of cross combination models in this research, and in it there are two kinds of Order Picking Routing Planning model, three kinds of picker amount status, and four kinds of Cross Aisle quantity status. It is known from the research results that when there is single picker, Order Picking Routing Planning using ACO and three Cross Aisle has the best effect; when there are two pickers, Order Picking Routing Planning using ACO without Cross Aisle has the best effect; when there are three pickers, Order Picking Routing Planning using ACO without Cross Aisle has the best effect. As Aisle quantity increase, it can reduce the order picking operating time but has no obvious effect on Total Time because it can’t reduce the Total Time need by several pickers.

並列關鍵字

Cross Aisle ； ACO ； Order Picking ； Distribution Center ； Simulation ； Multiple Pickers

參考文獻

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