醫事放射師工作特質、職場疲勞與職業承諾相關性研究

A study on the Job Characteristics, Burnout and Occupational Commitment of Medical Radiologists

張瑞珍(Jui-chen Chang)

指導教授 ： 洪錦墩

中臺科技大學/管理學院/健康產業管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

由於醫療服務品質需求日益增加，以及醫療放射服務技術改變迅速，可能使得醫事放射師的工作負荷增加，對於所從事的工作是否因產生倦怠感而誘發離職債向，其影響值得探究。本研究目的在於瞭解醫事放射師的工作特質、職場疲勞對於職業承諾之影響，提供醫療機構管理者暸解職業承諾的影響因素，並改善職場環境以避免職場疲勞與倦怠，進而提升醫事放射師職業承諾與維持服務品質水準。
本研究以2009年行政院衛生署登錄執業之醫事放射師共4,047人為研究母群體，以系統抽樣方式抽取樣本，並使用結構式問卷為工具，問卷內容包含個人基本資料、工作特質量表、疲勞量表及職業承諾量表，以郵寄方式進行調查，共發出問卷404份，回收有效問卷144份，回收率為35.6%。以描述性統計，獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森績差相關分析與線性複迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。
研究結果顯示，問卷回覆者之帄均年資為10.98年，教育程度以大學畢業居多佔72.2%，有47.9%的醫事放射師每月薪資在30,001至45,000元；婚姻狀況、教育程度、每月薪資、每週工作時數、工作控制與職業承諾呈正相關，服務醫院層級、工作型態、工作組別、尌業不安定性與職業承諾呈負相關；依照本研究工作特質與職場疲勞之分析，整體醫事放射師的職場疲勞狀況為中度疲勞，職場疲勞對於職業承諾沒有顯著影響。
本研究證實壓力對於職業承諾有相當的影響，工作控制、尌業不安定性、婚姻狀況、工作組別、工作時數、工作型態、教育程度、工作收入及服務醫院層級對於職業承諾有顯著影響，而職場疲勞對於職業承諾則無影響。建議管理者應改善工作環境中造成壓力的因素，如工作時數合理化、尌業安定性提高等，才能提高醫事放射師的職業承諾，確保提供良好之放射檢查、診斷及治療服務。

關鍵字

職業承諾 ； 職場疲勞 ； 工作特質 ； 醫事放射師

並列摘要

The medical radiologist will be increased work load by medical service quality demand and medical radiological technique changes rapidly. Whether it feels tired of job and therefore apt to quit the job is worth research. For understanding job characteristics of medical radiologists, influence of occupational commitment by burnout, expecting medical constitute manager could understand the factor and work out improving occupational environment to avoid burnout and tiredness. Therefore increasing occupational commitment of medical radiologist and sustaining service quality.
This research totally 4,047 persons in population who are registered medical radiologist in Department of Heath , Executive Yuan, R.O.C. in 2009, by systematic sampling and structured questionnaire. The questionnaire involves personal basic data, Chinese version of the Job Characteristics Questionnaire, Burnout Inventory & Occupational Commitment Inventory, investigated by mail, totally 404 questionnaires, returned effective questionnaires 144 in totality. Returned rate is 35.6%.Descriptive statistically and analyzing by independent sample t-test , one-way ANOVA, Pearson''s product-moment correlation & multiple linear regression analysis.
The result show : average seniority is 10.98 years, 72.2% graduated from university, Monthly salary of 47.9% medical radiologist between 30,001 and 45,000 NT dollars; The marriage level of education, monthly salary, work hours per week, and job control are positively correlated with occupational commitment. The degree of hospitals, occupational pattern, occupational teams & occupational instability are negatively correlated with occupational commitment; According to the analysis of job characteristics and burnout, the situation of burnout of all medical radiologists is middle type. There is no
obvious influence to occupational commitment by burnout.
This research proves that job strain put relative influence on occupational commitment. The job control, occupational instability, marriage, work teams, work hours, work pattern, levels of education incomes and degrees of hospital put obvious influence on occupational commitment but burnout don’t. To propose that manager should improve the factors of stress by occupational environment, As rationalization of work hours & elevation of occupational stability, therefore increasing the occupational commitment of medical radiologists and insuring better supply of radiological examination, diagnosis and treatment.

並列關鍵字

burnout ； occupational commitment ； job characteristics ； medical radiologists

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