風力機設置成本效益評估－以高山與沿海地區為例

The Evaluation of Cost-Benefit Analysis for the Installation of Wind Turbine Generator-Using the Example of High-Mountain and Coastal Areas

楊宏宇(Horng-Yu Yang) ； 甘黛玲(Tai-Ling Kan) ； 蘇信松(Hsin-Sung Su)

《中華技術學院學報》 39期 (2008/12) Pp. 221-238

https://doi.org/10.7095/JCIT.200812.0221

摘要

台灣能源蘊藏不足大都仰賴進口，根據經濟部能源局調查，台灣進口能源高達98%，顯見我國亦無法置身於全球能源危機之外。本文旨利用氣候條件評估高山及沿海之風能潛力，並藉由經濟分析成本，探討風力機設置之可行性。研究係以維斯塔斯公司製造之V-80/2.0MW主流機型，啟動風速為4m/s之風力發電系統做為分析依據；另以較新V-90/2.0MW，啟動風速為2.5m/s風力發電系統型式做為比較。研究顯示，高山及沿海之年平均風速均達到每秒4公尺且風向均呈現穩定狀態。就風速條件而言，V-80機型產生之年發電率於沿海可達2,257,211瓩，高山達2,229,181瓩；V-90機型產生之年發電率於沿海可達2,776,801瓩，高山達2,792,525瓩，由此可知高山之風速並無沿海為佳，且依風速頻率來看，高山較沿海地區為廣。
另外，本文研究以工程經濟分析之可行性評估，試以機組、周邊工程、土地與併聯線路之所花費成本，分析探討其效益。分析結果，以單台同機型風力機組之設置成本費用，若設於高山地區所需之工程費用約需278,278,000元、沿海只需221,646,000元，相差近5.7仟萬。高山地區設置成本遠多過於沿海地區，不具經濟效益。若欲達可設置發電之效益，須以更經濟有效之發電機組，並試圖降低周邊工程、土地及併聯成本費用。

關鍵字

風能潛力 ； 工程經濟 ； 風力發電

並列摘要

The shortage of energy resource in Taiwan makes Taiwan heavily reliant on imports. According to the (Taiwan) Energy Bureau of Economic Department, its energy source through import has reached 98%, which clearly shows that Taiwan cannot evade the global energy crisis. This paper uses the climate conditions of wind-energy potential in high-mountains and coastal areas, through economical analysis on the cost, to discuss the feasibility of wind turbine generator installation. The research uses Vesta manufactured V-80/2.0 MW power generator for its analysis in which the system start-up wind speed is 4 m/s. Another V-90/2.0 MW power-generating system that has a start-up wind speed at 2.5 m/s is also used in the analysis for comparison. The research shows that the annual average wind speed at high-mountains and coasts steadily reached 4 m/s with stable wind directions. From the wind-speed standpoint, V-80 generator at coasts may produce an annual power of 2,257,211 kW and an annual power of 2,229,181 kW at high-mountains. V-90 generator at coasts may produce an annual power of 2,776,801 kW and an annual power of 2,792,525 kW at high-mountains. It is shown that the wind speed at high-mountains isn't necessarily better than at coasts. Also, from the wind-speed variation point-of-view, the frequency of variation is wider for high-mountains than coasts.
In addition, this research attempts using the costs of mechanical crew, adjacent construction, land and parallel grids to evaluate the feasibility of wind turbine generator and its benefits through engineering economics for the analysis. The analyzed results showed that the installation cost of each unit of power generator is approximately NT$278,278,000 in high-mountain areas, while each unit costs only NT$221,646,000 in coastal areas. The difference is close to fifty-seven million NT dollars. The cost of installation is significantly higher in high-mountain areas than in coastal areas. Coupled with low buy-back prices from the electrical companies at present, it is not economically beneficial to install power-generating systems at high-mountains. To make it economically beneficial for the installation of power-generating systems, it is necessary to acquire more efficient power-generating components (i.e. more energy output with less component costs) and the costs of adjacent constructions, land and parallel grids need to be lowered as well.

並列關鍵字

wind power potential ； engineering economics ； wind turbine generator