明代文人勤學苦讀,嗜書如癡,窮年累月,堅持不輟,蔚然成風,「讀書」成了他們生活的一部分。藉著積極從事「訪書」、「購書」、「借書」、「抄書」等方法,努力搜求,取得書籍。訪書的活動,不僅在成就許多文人讀書、藏書的意志,同時藉由訪探尋求的過程中,使得不少散失亡佚的典籍得以重現;斷簡殘編的詩文得以復原。為求得善本,不少藏書家不僅大加蒐購書籍典藏,更將蒐羅到的圖籍精校,不惜巨資予以刊刻印行1,正因為文人投入古籍的刊刻與出版,為明代保留了豐富的文化資產,對於古籍整理與文化保存,確實具有相當的貢獻與意義。此外,透過借書之途尋得珍本,於明代文人之間,亦屢見不鮮,在交通不發達的情況下,經由輾轉借抄,一本書不僅可以化作數百本,尚能跨越時空而四處傳播。文人的抄書活動,是伴隨著一生的讀書生活,在其抄書活動中,逐漸興起獨特的「個性化」風格。本文分為前言、讀書與訪書、讀書與購書、讀書與借書、讀書與抄書、結語等六部分,來探究明代文人既耕且讀的生活面貌。
Scholars in the Ming Dynasty loved books, and took reading as a part of life. They collected books through the ways of visiting, buying, borrowing, and transcribing. The activitive of visiting books, not only strengthen the will of studying and collecting books, but also restored the classical ancient ones. It is because the scholars restored and published the ancient books that gave the Ming Dynasty rich cultural heritage. And it does have a cultural meaning that cannot be replaced. Besides, through borrowing, the rare books can be spread and transcribed into hundreds. The transcribing activities followed the reading life and set a style of ”personality”. The article was written in six parts including preface, reading and visiting, reading and buying, reading and borrowing, reading and transcribing, and conclusion.
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