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土壤先前含水量與礫石含量對沖蝕的影響

Effect of Antecedent Soil Moisture and Gravel on Soil Erosion

摘要


本研究主要是以台灣中部地區分佈較廣的黃壤和紅壤爲研究材料,探討其土壤先前含水量對逕流時間及逕流量的影響,同時模擬實際土壤混合礫石時對土壤沖蝕的影響。土樣分爲過篩與未過篩二種處理,每種處理方法再分別添加5%及15%的礫石混合,土樣經過一定強度之人工降雨沖刷後觀測其逕流體積及泥砂產量之變化,根據試驗資料可以獲得以下結果: 土壤先前水分含量越高,產生表面逕流的時間就越早,相對地逕流量及沖蝕量也會明顯的提高。 本研究結果指出紅壤的先前水分含量高於黃壤,而其土壤沖蝕量也有一致性的結果。 土壤中含有礫石會降低土體的孔隙率,因而減緩水分入滲率,結果增加地表逕流量;但是礫石含量達到一定百比分時,則情形正好相反。 本研究結果顯示,少量之礫石存在時,其逕流發生時間提早,且逕流量及沖蝕量較無礫石時略高;但礫石含量達15%時,沖蝕量有減緩的趨勢。 表土敷蓋礫石及土體混合礫石的沖蝕模擬比較結果指出,混合礫石對沖蝕的影響大於表土敷蓋礫石;而紅壤中混合礫石產生的逕流量及沖蝕量高於黃壤1.5∼1.7倍。

並列摘要


Yellow soil and red soil samples collected from central part of Taiwan were used as experimental materials to study the effect of antecedent soil moisture and gravel content on soil erosion. The rainfall simulator with 90mm/hr rainfall intensity was applied on the soil surface with different treatments. Soil loss and runoff volume of each treatment were collected. The experimental results were summarized as followings. The occurrence of runoff time was reduced with the increase of antecedent soil moisture and gravel content. The soil loss was increased with the increase of antecedent soil moisture and gravel content. Soil surface covered with gravel will reduce the soil erosion, however, which will increase the runoff volume. Soil erodibility of red soil is higher than yellow soil.

被引用紀錄


李恆毅(2007)。合成aminocyclitols(deoxyinosamines)及polyhydroxyindolizidines 的分子作為醣水解酵素抑制劑〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2007.00803
郭泰源(2015)。坡地果園山邊溝逕流歷線分析研究〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2015.00027

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