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螺絲起子握柄設計對手部人因績效之評估

Ergonomics Performance Assessment of Improved Screwdriver Handle

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摘要


本研究運用人體計測量測30名大學男生之六項手部重要尺寸(手長、掌長、掌寬、肘高、握力、臂力),作為新型握柄之設計參考,並製作模型以主觀評比(問卷調查)及客觀評比(作業時間、肌肉活動度)對傳統式螺絲起子(傳統握柄)與改良式之螺絲起子(T型組合握柄)實施人因績效評估。主觀評比中,就水平面作業方向及垂直面作業方向,實施疲勞程度評比值分析,改良式之螺絲起子皆優於傳統式螺絲起子(水平面作業方向:T型組合握柄旋入疲勞度評比值為3.6、旋出為5.6;傳統握柄旋入疲勞度評比值為7.2;旋出為6.2),(垂直面作業方向:T型組合握柄旋入疲勞度評比值為3.2、旋出為4.6;傳統握柄旋入疲勞度評比值為5.6、旋出為5.2)。客觀評比中,改良式之螺絲起子無論在水平面作業方向、垂直作業方向其旋出、旋入時間皆快於傳統式螺絲起子(水平面作業方向:T型組合握柄旋入時間為35.9秒、旋出為42.9秒;傳統式握柄旋入時間為41.9秒、旋出為47.9秒),(垂直面作業方向:T型組合握柄旋入時間為31.5秒、旋出為41.2秒;傳統握柄旋入時間為35秒、旋出為43.3秒)。在肌肉活動度上各肌群NEMG評比,肱撓肌在旋入垂直作業面上以改良式T型握柄(26.4%)最低,二頭肌在旋入水平作業面上以改良式T型握柄(17.5%)最低,肱撓肌在旋出垂直作業面上以改良式T型握柄(26.4%)最低,二頭肌在旋出垂直作業面上以改良式T型握柄(14.8%)最低。

並列摘要


This study employed a combination of subjective and objective measures to evaluate the ergonomic performance of screwdriver with conventional and improved holder. A questionnaire was sent to 30 college students to obtain their subjective evaluations of the studied tools, involving research into measurements relating to Arm length. Palm length, Palm width, Elbow height, Grip and arm strength. Objective measure involves collecting statistics or measurements of operational time and muscle activation.In horizontal and vertical operation, subjective evaluation of overall muscular fatigue assessment indicated that the improved screwdriver is superior to the conventional screwdriver in horizontal operation, with screwing in/out fatigue rate of 3.6 and 5.6 for T-holder; 7.2 and 6.2 for conventional holder. The performance rate in vertical screwing in/out is 3.2 and 4.6 for T-holder and 5.6 and 5.2 for conventional holder.During the objective evaluation, the improved T-holder is more efficient than the conventional holder in screwing in/out activities, with performance rate of 35.9 sec and 42.9 sec. in horizontal operation; 41.9 sec. and 47.9 sec. in vertical operation. The NEMG (%) (Normalized EMG) analysis for the activities of muscles of arm showed that Brachioradius was the most significant factor affecting the screwing-in activities in vertical operation, with performance rate of 26.4%. For vertical operation, Bicipital and Brachioradius muscle demonstrated the most efficient factor for screwing-out activities, with the performance rate of 26.4% and 14.8%.

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