利用分子標幟輔助水稻新品系堆疊耐旱與耐鹽性

The Pyramiding of Drought and Salt Tolerance of New Rice Lines Using Marker-Assisted Selection

廖大經(Dah-Jing Liao) ； 郭介煒(Chieh-Wei Kuo) ； 郭素真(Su-Chen Kuo) ； 連怡鈞(I-Chun Lien) ； 林彥蓉(Yann-Rong Lin) ； 吳永培(Yong-Pei Wu)

《台灣農業研究》 67卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 28-43

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR.201803_67(1).0004

摘要

本研究以耐鹽品系CWY981126分別與'TNG82'、'TCS17'雜交，2雜交組合之F_2後代於秧苗期5-6葉齡分別以200 mM NaCl溶液進行鹽分逆境處理，結果發現2組合之F_2不耐鹽與耐鹽等級的分離情形符合9：7比率，顯示CWY981126之耐鹽特性可能為2對互補基因控制之遺傳模式。進一步以CWY981126為貢獻親，而耐旱品種'HY15'為輪迴親，經3次回交將耐鹽性導入耐旱品種'HY15'中，而各回交世代選育過程5葉齡秧苗均先經200 mM NaCl溶液鹽分逆境處理。挑選出耐鹽等級3-5的存活植株，以分子標幟進行背景輔助選拔，結果發現BC_1F_1、BC_3F_1的回復率分別為78.34%及94.37%，高於傳統回交理論的遺傳回復率。而BC_3F_2世代再經耐鹽及耐旱特性檢測，結果發現有183個品系同時表現耐旱及耐鹽性。進一步以田間缺水逆境探討183個品系產量潛能，結果發現稻穀產量介於2,280-7,294 kg ha^(-1)，據此再選出高產量之27個BC_3F_5品系進行產量試驗。結果亦發現，有6個品系稻穀產量與高於輪迴親'HY15'。由上述結果，顯示透過分子標幟輔助已成功將耐鹽性導入耐旱輪迴親中，同時選育出具耐鹽及耐旱特性之秈稻新品系。這些品系未來值得進一步探討，並提供國內外缺水及鹽化土地栽培利用。

關鍵字

分子標幟輔助選拔 ； 耐旱 ； 耐鹽 ； 水稻

並列摘要

The salt tolerence of rice accession, CWY981126, was inherited from two complementray genes, revealed by the two F_2 segregation populations of CWY981126 × 'TNG82' and CWY981126 × 'TCS17', for which the segregation ratio of 9 (salt sensitive) : 7 (salt tolerance) was detected in the F_2 progenies treated with 200 mM NaCl at 5-6th leaf seedling stage. In the following, salt tolerant charateristic was transfered from CWY981126 to the drought tolerant variety, 'HY15', by marker-assisted backcrossing selection (MAB) for three generations. In the MAB breeding, CWY981126 and 'HY15' were used as the donor parent and recurrent parent, respectively. In each backcross genernation, progenies exhibiting salt tolerence with scale 3-5 were selected first after 200 mM NaCl treatment, and then were selected by marker-assisted selection for background selection. The genome recovery rates of BC_1F_1 and BC_3F_1 were 78.34% and 93.37%, respctivley, which were higher than theorectical recovery rates of traditional backcrosses. The BC_3F_3 generation was evaluated for drought tolerenace, indicating that 183 lines exhibited drought-tolerant characteristics. Consequently, these 183 linese were evaluated for yield potential in the field under water deficent condition. The yields were ranged from 2,280 kg ha^(-1) to 7,294 kg ha^(-1). A total of 6 out of 27 BC_3F_5 lines exhibited higher yields than the recurrent parent 'HY 15' after yield test. As a result, these new indica accessions possessing both drought and salt tolerance bred by MAB may be applied to cultivate in water-deficient and saline fields in the future in Taiwan and other countries.

並列關鍵字

Marker-assisted selection ； Drought tolerance ； Salt tolerance ； Rice