田野科學與其基礎建設　以臺灣地下水觀測網為例

Field Science and Its Infrastructure Using Groundwater Monitoring Network in Taiwan as a Case

何俊頤(Chun-Yi Ho)

《地理學報》 93期 (2019/08) Pp. 1-34

https://doi.org/10.6161/jgs.201908_(93).0001

摘要

跨尺度與地域的環境議題如全球暖化、跨境空污或海洋污染是當代社會科學關注的重要面向之一。儘管多數人已經注意到這類大範圍環境議題的影響，卻鮮少有人注意到這類環境敘事的生產本身即涉及大空間的環境資訊蒐集。本文試圖透過考察1986年開始提議，並於1992年開始、預期推動至2021年的「地下水觀測網整體計畫」與「臺灣山區地下水資源調查研究整體計畫」，試圖初探「大尺度的環境資訊生產如何可能」的問題。本文在科技研究（STS）的「田野科學」傳統上，指出多數研究者忽略了「科學基礎建設」的重要性。並指出，使環境數據蒐集可能的，不只是科學基礎建設本身，還有這些工程在構想、設計、施工、運作過程中，不同行動者在標準化與拼裝工作之間的調整與變通。在拼裝論的啟發下，我將科學基礎建設視為不斷調整之「有限標準化下的異質連結」並建議科技與社會研究者未來可與當前在人文地理學和人類學中日漸重要的基礎建設研究進行對話。

關鍵字

地下水觀測網 ； 田野科學 ； 科學基礎建設

並列摘要

Social science has been concerned for many years about large-scale environmental issues, such as global warming, air pollution and sea pollution. Although most researchers know that these phenomena can affect large geographical areas, few have noticed the importance of the system of environmental information collection in advancing understanding of nature. This article takes ＂Groundwater Monitoring Network Plan＂ between 1992 and 2008, and ＂The Integrated Investigation of Groundwater Resources in Taiwan Mountainous Area＂ between 2010 and 2021, as examples to examine how the production of large-scale environmental information is possible. This study argues that most scholars have ignored the key role of ＂scientific infrastructure＂ in the production of scientific knowledge, and also points out that the operators' adjustment between standard and assemblage ensures that the system for gathering scientific information works. Drawing inspirations from the assemblage theory, this study redefines scientific infrastructures as ＂heterogeneous associations under limited standardization＂, and suggests that STS scholars engage in closer dialogues with so-called ＂infrastructure studies＂, which has become increasingly influential in both human geography and anthropology.

並列關鍵字

Groundwater monitoring network ； field science ； scientific infrastructures

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