蘭科植物根部微生物之研究

Studies on the Endophytic Microorganisms of Orchidaceae

黃宜瑩(Yi-Ying Huang) ； 高怡婷(Yi-Ting Kao) ； 徐源泰(Yuan-Tay Shyu)

《中國園藝》 51卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. 347-356

https://doi.org/10.6964/JCSHS.200512.0347

摘要

本研究在探討台灣四種蘭科植物(Orchidaceae)根部之微生物菌相。採自短穗斑葉蘭、馬鞭蘭、台灣春蘭及竹柏蘭根部所分離得真菌39株與細菌35株，以脂肪酸甲酯鑑定系統及分子鑑定之序列分析作爲分類依據，並使用Neighbor-joining method(NJ)、Maximum parsimony method(MP)和MrBayes method(MB)三種方法作親緣關係之分析。實驗結果發現不同蘭科植物之真菌族群具差異性，優勢菌株隨寄主有所變化，Trichoderma spp.和Cladosporium spp.，皆普遍存在於蘭科植物根部中；細菌族群是以Pseudomonas spp.、Bacillus spp.爲主，皆存在於四種蘭科植物根部中。利用Neighbor-joining method(NJ)、Maximum parsimony method(MP)和MrBayes method(MB)三種親緣關係之分析方法對真菌與細菌之序列進行分析，所得之結果與傳統形態之鑑定結果大致相同，顯示以此分析可作爲真菌和細菌微生物物種分類之可靠方法。

關鍵字

短穗斑葉蘭 ； 馬鞭蘭 ； 台灣春蘭 ； 竹柏蘭 ； 蘭菌 ； 脂肪酸甲酯 ； 核糖體基因

並列摘要

Orchidaceae is one of the largest families in the plant kingdom. Orchids require a symbiotic relationship with fungi for germination and seeding nutrition. These kinds of symbiotic fungi are called ”orchid mycorrhizal fungi” or ”orchid fungi”. This study is to confer the microflora isolated from the roots of Taiwan native Orchidaceae. Thirtynine strains of fungi and 35 strains of bacteria were isolated from Goodyera maximowicziana Makino, Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino, Cymbidium formosanum Hayata var. formosanum and Cymbidium lancifolium Hook. f. var. lancifolium. The strains were analyzed and classed by the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and the molecular methods, ITS and 16S ribosomal DNA were chosen as the target DNA. Their phylogenetic relationship were examined by NJ, MP and MB methods. The result of this study showed that, the fungi flora was diverged, the dominant strains were changed by various. The fungi of Trichoderma spp. and Cladosporium spp. and the bacteria of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were widespread existed in the roots of orchids. The phylogenetic relationship obtained by NJ, MP and MB methods were approximately the same as the traditional morphological classification. It showed that the molecular analysis can be a useful tool for the rapid identification of roots associated fungi and bacteria

並列關鍵字

Goodyera maximowicziana Makino ； Cremastra appendiculata D. Don Makino ； Cymbidium formosanum Hayata var. formosanum ； Cymbidium lancifolium Hook. f. var. lancifolium ； orchid mycorrhiza ； fatty acid methyl est