The contribution of milks and formulae to micronutrient intake in 1-3 years old children in urban China: a simulation study

Tao Li ； Jialu You ； Joséphine Pean ； Anne Lluch ； Simone Eussen ； Fabien Delaere ； Jacques G Bindels ； Yaohua Dai

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 28卷3期 (2019/09) Pp. 558-566

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.201909_28(3).0015

摘要

Background and Objectives: A recent dietary survey in 5 big cities in China provided information on various milk options consumed by 1-3 years old children. To investigate the nutritional role of these milks (young-child formula (YCF), cow's milk, others), simulation analyses based on this survey were performed. Methods and Study Design: We studied daily intakes of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamins A, B-1, B-2, C and E and compared these to the Chinese DRIs. In Scenario 1, consumption of cow's milk, kid's milk and/or soy milk was replaced with matching amounts of YCF (n=66 children). In Scenario 2, where 348 children exclusively consumed YCF, YCF was replaced with matching amounts of cow's milk. Results: Scenario 1 revealed significant increases in total dietary intakes of iron, vitamins A, B-1, C and E upon substitution of the various milks with YCF. The proportions of children not meeting the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for these nutrients dropped from 29, 26, 61, 53 and 54 % to 12, 11, 50, 27 and 24%, respectively. In Scenario 2, the hypothetical substitution of YCF by cow's milk increased the proportions of children not meeting the EAR for these nutrients, calcium and zinc from 11, 6, 49, 15, 28, 42, and 8 to 45, 24, 78, 69, 59, 44, and 20, respectively. Execution of Scenario 2 in subgroups of 1-2- and 2-3 years old children revealed similar results. Conclusions: YCF may help to reduce the risk of insufficient intake of several key micronutrients for toddlers, independent of age.

關鍵字

nutrition ； young-children ； formula ； cow's milk ； dietary intake