Epidemiologic Characteristics of Malignant Neoplasms in Taiwan: Ⅰ. All Cancer Sites

台灣地區惡性腫瘤之流行病學特性：Ⅰ.全部癌症

陳建仁(Chien-Jen Chen) ； 李心馨(Shin-Shin Lee) ； 許光宏(Kuang-Hung Hsu) ； 蔡淑芳(Shu-Fan Tsai) ； 游山林(San-Lin You) ； 林東明(Tong-Ming Lin)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 8卷1期 (1988/03) Pp. 59-71

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1988-08-01-06

摘要

太研究分析1954年至1985年台灣地區的癌症死亡率，以期瞭解其長期趨勢、性比例、地理聚集、國際差異和移民變化。台灣地區男女性的癌症死亡率自1957年起，即呈明顯之增加趨勢，性比例也隨著年代而增高；而且自1982年起癌症即躍居十大死因之首位。癌症的年齡別死亡率係呈丁字型曲線，自15歲起即有明顯的等比增加，而在80歲以上達高舉。在與十五個國家地區的比較當中，台灣地區居民的男女性癌症累積死亡率均最低。就移民變化而言，台灣地區的年齡別癌症死亡率較香港、新加坡爲低。偏高的年齡調整化死亡率，有明顯聚集在烏腳病流行地區、都會區、北宜兩縣和東部山地鄉的現象，且男女皆然。在1985年，台灣地區男性的五大癌症死因是肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食道癌和鼻咽癌，女性的五大癌症死因則是子宮頸癌、肺癌、肝癌、胃癌和乳癌。十大癌症的性比例，最低是結腸癌之1.2，而最高是食道癌的5.4。白血病、鼻咽癌、乳癌、子宮頸癌與肝癌的死亡年齡較肺癌、食道癌、胃癌、結腸癌和膊胱癌偏早。僅只1985年的癌症死亡所帶來的損失，即高達116,959工作人年，相當於150-200億的國民生產所得。有效控制癌症的危害是刻不容緩的衛生保健工作。

並列摘要

Cancer mortality rates in Taiwan from 1954 to 1985 were analyzed in order to examine the secular trend, sex ratio, geographical distribution, international variation, and migrant difference of the disease. Cancer has become the leading cause of death in Taiwan since 1982. The age-adjusted cancer mortality increased significantly from 1957 to 1985 for both males and females, the sex ratio of age-adjusted cancer mortality also increased during this period. A J-shaped age curve indicating the exponential increase of cancer mortality from age of 15-19 to age of 80 or more was observed. Cummulative cancer mortality in Taiwan was the lowest for both males and females among the 16 developed countries compared. Males and females in Taiwan had lower cancer mortality rates by age than those in Singapore and Hong Kong. High age-adjusted cancer mortality rates for both males and females were found to cluster in the blackfoot disease endemic areas, metropolitan precincts of Keelung, Taipei, Tainan and Kaohsiung, twonships of Ilan and Taipei counties as well as aborigninal townships. While cancers of the liver, lung, stomach, esophagus and nasopharynx were the five leading cancer deaths in males; cancers of the uterine cervix, lung, liver, stomach and breast were the top five in females. The sex ratio of age-adjusted mortality rate for ten leading cancers ranged from 1.20 for colon cancer to 5.41 for esophageal cancer. Leukemia and cancers of the nasopharynx, breast, cervix and liver had more proportion died before age of 65 than cancers of the lung, esophagus, stomach, colon, and bladder. With regards to its socioeconomic impact, cancer deaths caused a total of 116,595 work-years loss in 1985.