1979及1989兩年台灣地區十大死因之潛在生命損失與累積死亡率之比較

Comparison of Potential Life Lost and Cumulative Mortality Rates for 10 Leading Causes of Death in 1979 and 1989 of the Taiwan Area

林茂榮(Mau-Roung Lin) ； 陳美滿(Meei-Maan Chen) ； 王榮德(Jung-Der Wang)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 11卷2期 (1992/06) Pp. 140-149

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1992-11-02-07

摘要

一般生命統計是以死亡率的高低來決定死因的順位，但死亡率並無法直接反應出各死因的生產力損失。故本文以各種潛在生命損失及累積死亡率計算民國六十八年與七十八年生命統計中的十大死因，試圖了解各死因的大致經濟損失及各年齡層的危險死因。各種潛在生命損失的計算皆使原本十大死因的順位有相當的改變，六十八年與七十八年的各種潛在生命損失都以意外災害高居首位。七十八年生產年齡層死在意外災害所造成的經濟損失以總薪資來估計約為新台幣920億元，而其他九個死因在生產年齡層的經濟損失總合約新台幣834億元。另外，六十八年十大死因的累積死亡率，7至59歲之間以意外災害最高，60至69歲之間則以惡性腫瘤為高，69歲以彼腦血管疾病雖為首位。至於七十八年十大死因的累積死亡率，0至59歲以意外災害為最高，59歲以後則以惡性腫瘤與腦血管疾病較高。六十八年與七十八年十二個死因累積死亡率的比較，大部份死因都有降低，其中以腦血管疾病與高血壓疾病降低最多，而惡性腫瘤、意外災害與糖尿病卻上升。此外，兩年中之男女性十大死因累積死亡率的比較，男性皆高於女性，大致在59歲以前以意外災害差距較多，59歲以後則變成腦血管疾病與惡性腫瘤在男女性之差距較大。由結果顯示，意外災害死亡者大部份在生產年齡，因此它帶給社會及家庭經濟衝擊是非常巨大的，而六十八年與七十八年兩年意外災害的比較，顯示它並無減少，因此需要政府與國人更進一步重視研究與預防。

並列摘要

The objective of this study is to calculate and compare the years of potential life lost (YPLLs) and cumulative mortality rates for 10 leading causes of death of Taiwan in 1979 and 1989. Mortality and population data abstracted from the national health statistis were used to calculate the YPLL, PYPLL (premature years of potential life lost), WYPLL (working years of potential life lost), VYPLL (valued years of potential life lost) and the CMR (cumulative mortality rates). The results showed that mortality from accidents has the highest YPLL's for all different calculations, and it has the highest cumulative mortality rate from age 7 to 59. The total less of wage due to accidents in 1989 was estimated to be NT$92 billion as compared with NT$83.4 billion which was the estimated sum of all other 9 leading causes of death. There was a general decline of cumulative mortality rates for major causes of death other than accidents, cancers and diabetes mellitus. Besides, the CMR of male were general higher than those of females. Before age 59, mortality due to accidents had the highest sex difference in CMR, which cancers and CVA showed the highest sex difference in CMR after age 59. We concluded that the mortality due to accidents had the most significant social impact in terms of economic loss, and there was no improvement during 1979 and 1989. We therefore recommend that more resource and attention need to be drawn on the research and prevention of accidents mortality.

並列關鍵字

Cumulative mortality ； years of potential loss ； ten leading causes of death