太陽光電模組與夾扣件受機械荷重之有限元素分析

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES AND CLAMPS SUBJECTED TO MECHANICAL LOADS

黃靖雅(Ching-Ya Huang) ； 胡宣德(Hsuan-Teh Hu) ； 李永峰(Yung-Feng Lee) ； 林福銘(Fu-Ming Lin)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 31卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 119-127

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.201903_31(1).0010

摘要

太陽光電模組裝設於室外環境，在過大的風壓加載下，可能導致零件間之螺絲鬆動，甚至面板與支撐架脫離。本文以ABAQUS有限元素分析軟體建立太陽光電模組模型，依據規範IEC 61215施加均佈載重2,400 Pa，探討風壓下模組的變形與受力情況。針對矽晶全電池太陽光電模組（雙支架平鋪型）類型分析。結果顯示，適當鎖固力可減少模組零件之位移及應力反應，但過大鎖固力可能造成支撐架及螺絲損毀。比較靜態與動態分析結果知兩者差異性小。負向風壓作用下，會產生較大之變形量，且負向風壓需要較大鎖固力使模型穩定，可知負向風壓是可能造成模組損壞的重要因素。

關鍵字

太陽光電模組 ； 夾具 ； ABAQUS ； 有限元素法

並列摘要

The solar photovoltaic modules need to be installed outdoors. However, the long term and strong wind loads might loosen the screws between the solar photovoltaic modules, the clamps and the frames, or even completely separated. The model of the solar photovoltaic modules in this research is established with the software ABAQUS, which is based on the finite element method. According to the standard IEC 61215, a uniform wind pressure of 2,400 Pa is applied to the solar panels to determine the maximum stress and the magnitude and position of the deformation. This research analyzes the crystalline-silicon solar photovoltaic module (2-roots and roof-top). Results show that enough tightening force can reduce the deformation and stress; however, the frames, clamps, and fasteners might be damaged due to the excess tightening force under a great wind load. The result of applying periodic wind load is similar to the static wind load analysis. In addition, the negative wind load causes larger deformation than the positive one; therefore this condition needs a larger tightening force to make the solar system be stable enough to converge. It means that negative wind load have significant impact on the solar system.

並列關鍵字

solar photovoltaic module ； clamp ； ABAQUS ； finite element method