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  • 期刊

日治初期臺南市中區傳統金匠脈絡研究

A Study of the Context of Traditional Goldsmiths in Tainan City's Central Region in the Early Japanese Occupation Period

摘要


臺南市金工產業自清領時期已經蓬勃發展,當時金銀買賣大多匯聚於現今臺南市中區。本研究以日治初期第一次人口普查明治38年至大正3年(1905年10月-1914年)間的戶口調查簿資料為基礎,並輔以歷史研究方法探討日治初期臺南廳最繁榮商埠區域「十字大街」(現臺南市中區)的金工榮景、金匠人口脈絡、從業聚落、金匠關 係、及師承系譜等相關研究。根據研究結果,分析當時繁榮商埠、經濟、人民習慣與移民人口對金工產業的影響。研究結果顯示:一、日治初期臺南市中區從業的金匠以臺灣人最多,占當時從業金匠總人口數的93.7%。其中又以現居臺南市的金匠的比例最高,占金匠總數的85%;日本與中國金匠僅占總數的6.3%。二、日治初期臺南市中區已經形成多處金匠聚落。其中以「十字大街」附近的竹仔街區域金匠聚集比例最高,其次為元會境與三界壇區域。三、臺灣籍金匠之間的關係大多為直、旁系親屬、同居寄留或雇傭關係;臺灣籍與中國籍金匠由於職業因素在當時產生「共生寄留」的族群融合關係。金匠間的師承系譜明顯採取師徒、親屬、宗族傳承技藝的方式。貴金屬工藝之所以能歷經百年延續,除了臺灣先人的生活習慣之外,當時的商埠、經濟發展、人民奢華氣息,是造就金工產業在臺南百年基石的重要動力。

並列摘要


The booming metal craft industry in Tainan dates back to the period when Taiwan was under the Qing dynasty's rule. Back then, trading activities of gold and silver mainly congregated in contemporary Tainan City's central region. This study is based on the household registration book data, as generated from the first population census in the early Japanese occupation period between October 1905 and 1914. Historical methods are employed as auxiliary methods to explore the booming metal craft industry, the demographic composition of goldsmiths, settlements of goldsmiths, relationships between goldsmiths, and the ancestry of craftsmanship in Tainan’s most populous commercial district "Cross Avenue" (the current Tainan City's central region). Based on the research results, analysis was performed to determine the impacts of the then thriving commercial ports, the economy, people's habits, and migrants in the metal craft industry. As revealed by the research results, in the early Japanese occupation period, local Taiwanese goldsmiths were the major goldsmith group in Tainan City's central region, accounting for 93.7% of the entire goldsmith population. In particular, the largest percentage (85%) of goldsmiths resided in the modern-day Tainan City, as for the goldsmith in Japan and Mainland China, there was only 6.3%. In the early Japanese occupation period, several settlements of goldsmiths were formed in Tainan City's central region. In particular, Bamboo Street, which was neighboring "Cross Avenue," was the highly concentrated zone for goldsmiths, followed by the region with a plethora of temple establishments. Most goldsmiths in Taiwan were either people from lineal or collateral relatives, landlord and tenant, or owner and apprentice, and the relationship of "coexisting" between Taiwanese and Chinese goldsmiths emerged owing to this occupation. Apparently, inheritance of the goldsmith skill was based on the bond between master and apprentice, relatives or clans. Other than Taiwanese predecessors' habits in everyday life, why the expensive metal craft industry has continued for over a century can be attributed to flourishing commercial ports, thriving economic development, and an extravagant and affluent atmosphere among residents, all of which were important sources of momentum for the metal craft industry's century-long foundations in Tainan.

參考文獻


中央研究院(2015)日治時期戶口調查資料庫。http://www.rchss.sinica.edu.tw/popu/dataill.html(取用日期:2015年7月20日)。
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李建緯(2016)臺灣傳統金銀飾品初探。黃金博物館學刊,4: 20-47。

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