運動訓練對血液透析病患生理、心理之效應

The Effects of Exercise Training on Physiological and Psychological Status in Hemodialysis Patients

林秋菊(Chiu-Chu Lin) ； 賴曉蓉(Hsiao-Jung Lai) ； 周偉倪(Willy Chou)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 19卷3期 (2000/06) Pp. 161-170

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH2000-19-03-02

摘要

本文主要是針對運動訓練對血液透析病患生理、心理的影響，包括。活動無耐力、貧血、血糖、血脂、血壓控制和疲憊、憂鬱等方面進行文獻探討，期此能幫助健康專業人員更進一步認識運動訓練對血液透析病患在生狂、心理上之效應，俾以鼓勵病人運動，進而將運動訓練納為其常規的照護模式，使透析病人達到健康促進的目標，提昇其生活品質。透析治療是末期腎病患者最主要的治療方式，目前國內絕大多數的病人係採行血液透析。由於末期腎病變及透析治療的合併症常引起許多生理、心理問題，進而影響其家庭、工作、社交活動及生活品質。許多文獻指出，定期足量的運動對透析病患的生理、心理層面有良好效益。關於血液透析病人的運動原則，應包括：暖身運動、有氧運動及冷卻運動。而運動種類主要以踩固定式腳踏車的有氧運動為主；運動強度是依病人個別的耐受力來漸進調整，一般係以運動測試所得的最大負重量的40－85%作為訓練進度之指引。運動時間每次以20－25分鐘為宜，可施行於透析中、透析後或非透析日。運動訓練期限一般設在8至12週；運動頻率通常每週至少執行3次。

關鍵字

末期腎病 ； 血液透析 ； 運動訓練

並列摘要

This review was conducted to explore the effects of the exercise training on physiological and psychological status in hemodialysis patients, mainly focusing on activity intolerance, anemia, serum level of sugar and lipid, blood pressure control, fatigue, and depression. We hope this review will enable the health care professionals to realize the effects of exercise training in the patients undergoing hemodialysis and then encourage them to exercise. Furthermore, exercise training can be integrated into the routine care and can achieve the goal of health promotion as well as enhance the quality of the life of hemodialysis patients. Dialysis is the primary treatment in those patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In Taiwan, the majority of ESRD patients accepted the hemodialysis therapy, which often caused many physiological and psychological problems, and further, affected their family, employment, social activities and quality of life. The findings from research indicated that regular and adequate exercises would be beneficial to the dialysis patients in physiological and psychological aspects. The exercise principle of hemodialysis patients should include warm-up, exercise and cool-down. The type of aerobic excise is mainly stationary bicycle; the exercise intensity can be adjusted according to the patient’s tolerance. The guide of training progress was generally about 40% to 85% of maximal workload measured by exercise testing. The exercise can be done during hemodialysis or after dialysis or non-dialysis day. The duration of exercise was suggested 20 to 25 minutes each time. The training course can be lasting 8 to 12 weeks and the exercise frequency has to be at least three times per week.

並列關鍵字

end-stage renal disease ； hemodialysis ； exercise training.