天然災害後環境衛生快速評估系統之開發

A Quick Monitoring System for Evaluating Environmental Sanitation after Natural Disasters

姚永澔(Yung-How Yao) ； 林嘉明(Jia-Ming Lin)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 19卷6期 (2000/12) Pp. 477-484

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH2000-19-06-08

摘要

目標：本報告企圖建立一個快速簡單的評估機制，使天然災害後環境衛生的變化能早期反應，讓衛生決策者能依據環境衛生惡化的警訊，做出對應的適當措施。方法：先由研究者提出以快速評估表為主軸的系統架構，經過政府及學校專家學者檢討修正，並且取得部份921地震災區實測資料做應用評鑑。結果：設計完成的快速評估系統，藉結構式問卷收集資訊，以配分量化選項並且做環境衛生狀況分組；在Microsoft Excel 97的環境下以VBA語言設計輸入程式，以加速資訊的處理與傳輸。其中快速評估表曾在地震後的南投、台中試用，收集災後第六個月的資訊做處理，以評鑑災後環境衛生狀況。結論：整體而言，認為本快速評估系統，對發展災害後環境衛生評估系統提供了一個實用的參考經驗。

關鍵字

天然災害 ； 環境衛生 ； 快速評估

並列摘要

Objectives: This study aimed to design a quick and simple monitoring system, which gives early warning of negative changes in the status of environmental sanitation after natural disasters, and provides a basis for prompt and proper response. Methods: The investigators provided a prototype of monitoring system consisting of mainly an evaluation table, which was reviewed by professionals and scholars from the government and schools. Then the revised table was employed to collect field data in some disaster-stricken areas of the massive Chichi earthquake for evaluating the monitoring mechanism. Results: The finalized quick monitoring system consists of structured questionnaires for collecting field data, a scoring rule for quantifying the items in the evaluation table and classifying the status of environmental sanitation, and a program written in Visual Basic for application within Microsoft Excel 97 environment, for data process and communication. Field data were collected in Nantou County and Taichung County using the evaluation table to assess the status of environmental sanitation six months after the Chichi earthquake. Conclusions: The study provided practical experience for developing a quick monitoring system for evaluating the status of environmental sanitation after natural disasters.

並列關鍵字

natural disaster ； environmental sanitation ； quick monitoring