預防老人跌倒之運動訓練研究趨勢探討

Trends of Exercise Training Research in Fall Prevention Programs among the Elderly

陳怡如(I-Ju Chen) ； 黃璉華(Lian-Hua Huang) ； 鄭舜平(Shun-Ping Cheng)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 24卷2期 (2005/04) Pp. 93-102

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2005-24-02-01

摘要

目標：了解自1990年來預防老人跌倒的運動訓練發展走向，並提出預防老人跌倒之運動訓練之相關建議。方法：回顧1990到2002年預防老人跌倒之相關文獻，主要字彙包括臨床研究、老人、跌倒、運動，方法包括電子資料庫與參考資料搜尋，主要收集文章中有描述運動訓練的預防老人跌倒計畫。結果：共尋獲20篇相關文獻。文中依照研究設計與架構、參與人數與對象、訓練地點、運動訓練之內容與模式、所需之設備、中期指標、結果測量、與遵從性之監測等方面，描述自1990年代以來預防老人跌倒之運動訓練研究概況。結論：運動訓練是以積極的方式，來促進老人生理與心理健康，並提高獨立生活的能力與信心。對未來研究提出之建議：l．需跨學門人員共同參與合作，設計以運動訓練為主要部分之預防老人跌倒計畫。2．計畫中需設計評值，以評估長期與短期之成效。3．要用實驗法或隨機控制試驗等研究設計，嚴謹的控制會影響結果解釋的變項。4．需要客觀之評估工具，以提供科學實證。

關鍵字

老人 ； 跌倒 ； 運動訓練

並列摘要

Objectives: To evaluate the trend of exercise research in exercise programs on fall prevention programs among the elderly and propose suggestions for future studies. Methods: Following a systematic literature search using the key word: clinical research, old adults (elderly), fall, and exercise, articles published from 1990 to 2002 describing exercise programs on fall were reviewed. Result: Twenty articles were reviewed. Research design, participants, setting, exercise program, equipments, intermediate indicator, outcome measure, and compliance were identified and discussed in the article. Conclusions: Exercise appeared to be an effective intervention in promoting physical and psychological well-being among the elderly. Suggestions for future studies include 1. A multi-disciplinary team working together to pool their knowledge and findings. 2. Evaluation being a part of exercise programs in order to assess its short term and long term effects. 3. Experimental or randomized controlled design being preferred in order to control for confounding factors. 4. Objective tools for fall assessment being required to provide scientific evidence.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； fall ； exercise training

參考文獻

Ades PA,Ballor DB,Ashikaga T,Utton JL,Nair KS(1996).Weight training improves walking endurance in health elderly persons.(Ann Intern Med).

Brown AP(1999).Reducing falls in elderly people: A review of exercise interventions.(Physiother Theory Pract).

Chandler JM,Duncan PW,Kochersberger G,Studentski S(1998).Is lower extremity strength gain associated with improvement in physical performance and disability in frail, community-dwelling elders?.

Fiatorone MA,O`Neill FE,Ryan ND(1994).Exercise training and nutritional supplmentation for physical frailty in very elderly people.

Gardner MM,Robertson MC,Campbell AJ(2000).Exercise in preventing falls and fall related injuries in older people: a review of randomized controlled trials.