民眾如何看待健康教育訊息：深度訪談嚼檳榔的計程車司機

Lay Perspectives of Health Education Information: in-depth Interviews with Areca Quid Chewing Taxi Drivers

郭淑珍(Shu-Chen Kuo) ； 丁志音(Chih-Yin Lew-Ting) ； 陳怡君(Yi-Chun Chen)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 24卷3期 (2005/06) Pp. 239-253

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2005-24-03-09

摘要

目標：本研究探索嚼食檳榔的計程車司機，如何思考所接收到的檳榔相關健康訊息。方法：研究者利用深度訪談的方式，自2003年l月至8月訪問了44位嚼檳榔的計程車司機。結果：本研究大部分受訪司機，都曾由不同管道接觸檳榔危害的相關訊息，但是對於檳榔的健康危害，卻有更寬廣的看法。有些司機會從個人的健康狀況、體質與基因、是否實踐某些健康生活方式、是否做好口腔清潔工作等因素，以為檳榔危害的整體考量。有些司機認為自己是檳榔「專家」，他們認為只有嚼檳榔的「量」過多，或是嚼「錯」檳榔才會產生健康危害。少數司機認為生活中危害健康的因素無所不在，或是有比「健康」更重要的事情，所以檳榔的健康危害不足為道。結論：嚼檳榔的計程車司機並非是無知者，需要更多、更好的檳榔危害知識。本研究訪談的司機將其所接收到檳榔相關訊息與其原本的健康知識、生活經驗相連，重新詮釋檳榔危害的訊息，並採取相關行動。公衛專家需由常民觀點思考健康訊息，才能與民眾對話，進一步達成改變的契機。

關鍵字

嚼檳榔 ； 計程車司機 ； 健康教育訊息 ； 常民知識

並列摘要

Objectives: This study examined areca quid chewing taxi drivers' perspectives of areca quid related health information. Methods: Accompanied by an ex-taxi driver, the author visited one taxi driver for each interview at drivers' rest areas or waiting lines in Taipei. The interview conversation focused on the health effects of the behavior and the driver's thoughts. Results: A total of 44 areca quid chewing taxi drivers were interviewed in-depth between January and August 2003. Most taxi drivers received areca quid related health information from a variety of channels. However, they had very broad view of areca quid information. Some drivers identified their health status, constitution or genes, participation in a healthy lifestyle, and oral hygiene practices in determining the health risk of areca quid chewing. Some drivers considered themselves areca quid experts, and suggested that the health risk of areca quid was from an ”overdose” or chewing the ”wrong” kind of areca quid. A few drivers believed areca quid health information to be trivial. They said the hazardous environment and their daily survival were far more important than the health risk of chewing areca quid. Conclusions: Areca quid chewing taxi drivers are not uneducated individuals who require more or better areca quid health information. They integrated areca quid information with their own personal health knowledge and their daily experience, reinterpreted areca quid information, and took action. In order to communicate with the public and to change health behavior, public health experts need to recognize the significance of lay knowledge.

並列關鍵字

areca quid chewing ； taxi driver ； health education information ； lay knowledge

參考文獻

Cockerham WC.,Bird C,Conrad, P,Fremont AM(2000).The sociology of health behavior and health lifestyles.Handbook of Medical Sociology.159-72.

Davison C,Davey Smith G,Frankel S.(1991).Lay epidemiology and the prevention paradox: the implications of coronary candidacy for health education.Sociol Health Illness.13,1-20.

Eakin J,Robertson A,Poland B,Coburn D,Edwards R.(1996).Toward a critical social science perspective on health promotion research.Health Promotion Inter.11,157-65.

Freire P.(1986).Pedagogy of the Oppressed.

Ko YC,Chiang TA,Chang SJ,Hsieh SF(1992).Prevalence of betel quid chewing habit in Taiwan and related sociodemographic factors.J Oral Pathol Med.21,261-64.