女性海洛因使用者共用注射針具和稀釋液行為與愛滋感染之初探

An Exploratory Study of Sharing Injecting Equipment and HIV Infection among Female Heroin Users

盧幸馡(Hsing-Fei Lu) ； 李思賢(Tony Szu-Hsien Lee)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 27卷2期 (2008/04) Pp. 158-169

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2008-27-02-07

摘要

目標：探討女性海洛因使用者在注射海洛因過程中，共用注射針具與稀釋液的行為與愛滋感染之關係。方法：以個別深度訪談訪問女性海洛因使用者共15名，將訪談內容轉謄為逐字稿，依據逐字稿進行主題內容分析。結果：受訪者過去缺乏對稀釋液共用之危險認知，全部都曾共用過稀釋液。在針具方面，受訪者共用針具的主因是對藥渴求時缺乏清潔針具可使用；共用針具的對象則多半為熟識。與之具緊密社會關係者；對共用針具之認知有完全缺乏危險認知與行為者(13.3%)、對共用針具有危險認知，但無正確安全行為者(66.7%)、以及拒絕與他人共用針具者(20%)。受訪者中有8位(53.3%)愛滋病毒帶原者，其中有五位自陳由共用針具感染，三位認為是共用稀釋液感染。結論：本研究發現受訪者對稀釋液之傳染性、共用對象之安全性、性伴侶之危險評估與其自身是否感染愛滋有認知落差，因而暴露於感染愛滋的危險中。

關鍵字

女性 ； 海洛因使用者 ； 共用針具 ； 共用稀釋液 ； 愛滋感染

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the association of sharing injecting equipment and HIV transmission among female heroin users. Method: A total of 15 female heroin users were interviewed face-to-face with their consent. Audio transcripts were translated verbatim and content analysis was used to retrieve themes. Results: Participants indicated that they had no idea that sharing rinse water may cause HIV transmission, and hence they had all previously shared water. Most participants shared needles with sexual partners, friends, and other drug users. They usually shared needles because of their craving for drugs and because no clean needle was available. Participants were categorized based on their cognition of sharing needles: no risk awareness (13.3%), awareness of risk but no preventive behavior (66.7%), and awareness with preventive behavior (20%). Eight participants (53.3%) tested HIV positive, five self-reported that they were infected through needle sharing and three through sharing rinse water. Conclusions: There exists a gap among study participants between their knowledge regarding sharing rinse water, needles, and sexual partners and actual risk of their behaviors. This gap puts female heroin users in our study at elevated risk of contracting HIV.

並列關鍵字

female ； heroin user ； needle sharing ； sharing of rinse water ； HIV infection

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