我國職業傷病通報制度之現況與問題

Reporting Systems for Occupational Injuries and Diseases in Taiwan: Conditions and Problems

鍾佩樺(Pei-Hua Chung) ； 鄭雅文(Ya-Wen Cheng)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 29卷6期 (2010/12) Pp. 561-574

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2010-29-06-10

摘要

目標：職業傷病的通報機制乃是現代化國家勞動保護制度中不可或缺的一環，其目的在於早期發現職場中異常的健康問題並早期介入。本研究探討我國職業傷病通報制度現況與實務操作層面之問題。方法：本研究採文獻回顧、政府統計資料分析，與7位相關人士（包括政府行政部門主管、事業單位代表、職業醫學部門醫護人員、勞工安全衛生實務工作者、勞工代表子）之深度訪談，並舉辦一次專家座談會，徵詢數位職業醫學專家、政府勞工安全衛生主管、勞工團體代表與其他學者專家之意見。結果：我國職業傷病通報制度設計混亂，主要的問題包括：通報機制多元但互相之問缺乏連結、醫護工作者缺乏充分的通報誘因、通報數據的品質缺乏有效稽核；勞委會於2007年重新建置的「職業傷病通報系統」目前缺乏法源強制力、被通報的職業傷病個案及事業單位是否被告知尚無強制機制、該通報也未與勞動檢查或職災補償體系作連結，此外，該通報系統以年度計畫案方式由勞委會委託醫學中心辦理，易造成通報業務的不穩定。結論：本研究指出我國職業傷病通報制度之問題，並提出改善建議。

關鍵字

職業傷病 ； 通報 ； 政策

並列摘要

Objectives: Reporting systems for occupational injuries and diseases are essential for early detection and intervention in work-site health problems. This study investigated the designs and functions of current reporting systems in Taiwan in order to identify the problems with them. Methods: The existing literature and official statistics were reviewed. This was followed by in- depth interviews with 7 stakeholders, including labor representatives, managers of enterprises, governmental officials, occupational physicians and occupational health representatives of enterprises. A conference was also held to solicit the opinions of government officials, senior occupational physicians, labor representatives and researchers. Results: Many problems exist in the current reporting systems in Taiwan. These include poor coordination among different reporting systems, a lack of sufficient incentives for health care professionals to implement reporting, and poor quality control of the reported data. The reporting system recently established by the Council of Labor Affairs also has several problems such as a lack of enforcement power and the fact that reporting systems are not linked to the systems of labor inspection or workers’ compensation. It also lacks stable financial and administrative resources. Conclusions: Several problems were identified and recommendations for reform were proposed.

並列關鍵字

occupational injuries and diseases ； reporting ； policy

參考文獻

鍾佩樺、尤素芬、鄭雅文(2009)。我國勞工健康檢查制度之現況與問題。台灣衛誌。28，155-166。

王嘉琪、鄭雅文、王榮德、郭育良(2009)。職災補償制度的發展與台灣制度現況。台灣衛誌。28，1-15。

林洺秀、陳秋蓉(2004)。我國現有職業病案例不同通報系統之概況分析。台灣衛誌。23，431-439。

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