台灣地區高樓可得性與跳樓自殺之相關

The Correlation between Availability of High-rise Buildings and Suicide by Jumping in Taiwan

紀玉臨(Yu-Lin Chi) ； 周孟嫻(Meng-Sian Jhou) ； 謝雨生(Yeu-Sheng Hsieh)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 30卷6期 (2011/12) Pp. 533-546

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2011-30-06-02

摘要

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns of suicide by jumping in Taiwan and to examine the effects of the availability of high-rise buildings on suicide completers' propensity to jump from heights. Methods: Data on all completed suicides during the period 1994-2007 (n=50,705) were derived from the cause of death database provided by the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. The proportion of high-rise building at the township-level (n=358) came from the 2000 census of population and housing. Exploratory spatial data analysis methods were used to investigate the spatial patterns of proportions of suicide by jumping and high-rise buildings. Multilevel logistic regressions were employed to assess the association between the township-level availability of high-rise buildings and the individual's choice of suicide methods. Results: The proportion of suicide by jumping showed a significant spatial dependence (Moran's I=0.551, p＜0.001). Hot spots were detected in Keelung-Taipei-Taoyuan, Taichung, and Kaohsiung metropolitan areas. Such a spatial pattern coincided with the proportion of high-rise buildings. Results from multilevel models indicated that 10% of the variance in the choice of suicide methods was between townships. After controlling for gender, age, marital status, occupational status, season, period, social fragmentation, economic deprivation, and level of urbanization, we found that the deceased who lived in a township with a greater availability of tall buildings had a significantly higher likelihood of committing suicide by jumping. Conclusions: Since there are significant township-level differences in the proportions of suicide by jumping, community suicide intervention strategies should take these spatial variations into account. Programs to prevent suicide by jumping should be targeted to areas with more high-rise buildings. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2011;30(6):533-546)

關鍵字

跳樓自殺 ； 方法可得性 ； 探索式空間資料分析 ； 多層次分析

並列摘要

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns of suicide by jumping in Taiwan and to examine the effects of the availability of high-rise buildings on suicide completers' propensity to jump from heights. Methods: Data on all completed suicides during the period 1994-2007 (n=50,705) were derived from the cause of death database provided by the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. The proportion of high-rise building at the township-level (n=358) came from the 2000 census of population and housing. Exploratory spatial data analysis methods were used to investigate the spatial patterns of proportions of suicide by jumping and high-rise buildings. Multilevel logistic regressions were employed to assess the association between the township-level availability of high-rise buildings and the individual's choice of suicide methods. Results: The proportion of suicide by jumping showed a significant spatial dependence (Moran's I=0.551, p＜0.001). Hot spots were detected in Keelung-Taipei-Taoyuan, Taichung, and Kaohsiung metropolitan areas. Such a spatial pattern coincided with the proportion of high-rise buildings. Results from multilevel models indicated that 10% of the variance in the choice of suicide methods was between townships. After controlling for gender, age, marital status, occupational status, season, period, social fragmentation, economic deprivation, and level of urbanization, we found that the deceased who lived in a township with a greater availability of tall buildings had a significantly higher likelihood of committing suicide by jumping. Conclusions: Since there are significant township-level differences in the proportions of suicide by jumping, community suicide intervention strategies should take these spatial variations into account. Programs to prevent suicide by jumping should be targeted to areas with more high-rise buildings. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2011;30(6):533-546)

並列關鍵字

Suicide by Jumping ； Availability of Methods ； Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis ； Multilevel Analysis

參考文獻

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