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台灣公共衛生教育之發展與挑戰

Development and challenge of public health education in Taiwan

摘要


台灣的公共衛生(以下簡稱公衛)教育與國家整體的公衛發展有密切的關係。本文旨在整理並回顧台灣公衛教育的發展與演進,作為進一步改革台灣公衛教育的參考。我們先依歷史資料及教育部1998至2015年之統計資料,將台灣公衛教育的發展歷史分成四個時期:草創期(1939到1970年),茁壯期(1971到1990年),擴充期(1991到2007年),及重整期(2007年之後),詳細回顧有關公衛系所之設立、教師結構、與學生人數等實證資料。其次,我們探討這些結果與趨勢所顯示的議題與挑戰,包括核心課程、能力測驗、系所評鑑、及人力需求。最後,我們提出對於未來的一些展望,像是建立專業組織以進行機構評鑑、通過公衛師法以推動專業認證、以及開發新興公衛人力巿場。

並列摘要


Public health education in Taiwan has been parallel with the nation's public health development, reflecting the health demands in the society. This study aimed to empirically review the evolution of public health education in Taiwan, and discuss the future direction of education reform in public health. First, after reviewing the historical documents and the statistical databases created by the Ministry of Education from 1998 to 2015, we divided the nation's development of public health education into four stages: founding stage (1993-1970), thriving stage (1971-1990), rapid-expansion stage (1991-2007), and reorganization stage (after 2007). We then reviewed the trend of the establishment of public health-related departments or institutions, the composition of faculty, and the number of enrolled students in the higher education. Second, we discussed critical issues revealed by these empirical data, including core courses, competence examination, the evaluation of departments/institutions, and job markets. Lastly, we suggested some directions for future reforms, such as establishing professional organization to conduct accreditation for departments/institutions, advocating Public Health Specialist Act to certify professionals, and fostering emerging human resources market for public health professionals.

參考文獻


莊秀文、林怡淑(2015)。食品安全-事件觀、系統觀。台灣衛誌。34,548-56。
李玉春(2011)。健全公衛安全網,我們需要公共衛生師:為公共衛生師法催生。台灣衛誌。30,201-6。
吳文琪、陳紫郎、陳為堅、江東亮(2010)。新世紀美國公共衛生教育改革之經驗與啟示。台灣衛誌。29,477-86。
蕭世槐、楊銘欽、蘇喜(2004)。台灣醫務管理人力培育之現況與未來。台灣衛誌。23,1-17。
Association of Schools of Public Health(2006).Master's Degree in Public Health Core Competency Development Project.Washington, DC:Association of Schools of Public Health.

被引用紀錄


李玉春、陳保中、楊佳樺、吳肖琪、邱弘毅、陳美蓮、郭鐘隆、楊銘欽、蕭朱杏、王姿乃、李中一、吳章甫、鄭守夏、鄭其嘉、蔡文正(2023)。公衛學會五十周年紀念專文一:公共衛生師報考資格與執業範圍之研議始末台灣公共衛生雜誌42(4),360-373。https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH.202308_42(4).111114

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